Annual Report to Parliament for the 2016 to 2017 Fiscal Year: Benefits and Costs of Significant Federal Regulations, and the Implementation of the One-to-One Rule

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December 2017

This is the first annual report to Parliament on the benefits and costs of new federal regulations.

Parliament and Canadians expect Canada’s regulatory system to function well and to be responsive and transparent. This report is part of regular monitoring of certain aspects of the system to help ensure its overall health.

This report has two main sections:

• Section 1 describes the benefits and costs of regulatory proposals that were made by the Governor in Council (GIC) and that had significant impacts
• Section 2 reports on the implementation of the One-for-One Rule, in fulfillment of the Red Tape Reduction Act’s reporting requirement

The regulations reported on in this document were published in the Canada Gazette, Part II, between April 1, 2016, and March 31, 2017.

Annual Report to Parliament for the 2016 to 2017 Fiscal Year: Benefits and Costs of Significant Federal Regulations, and the Implementation of the One-for-One Rule (PDF, 590 KB)

Message from the President

As the President of the Treasury Board and the Minister responsible for federal regulatory policy and oversight of the regulatory system, I am pleased to present this report to Parliament. It is the first Annual Report to Parliament on the Benefits and Costs of Significant Federal Regulations, and the Implementation of the One-for-One Rule for the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year.

This report demonstrates the Government’s commitment to openness and transparency by engaging Parliament and Canadians on the management of federal regulations. It outlines, in an integrated and comprehensive manner, key information on the costs and benefits of significant regulations and on the implementation of the One-for-One Rule, an important element of the Government’s ongoing efforts to reduce needless administrative burden.

Canada benefits from a strong regulatory system, built on principles of protecting and advancing the public interest, developing regulations transparently and openly, making decisions based on evidence, and supporting a fair and competitive economy.

We should always be looking to make improvements. We will continue to find efficiencies and reduce unnecessary regulatory differences across jurisdictions to make the regulatory system less burdensome for businesses and consumers.

I invite you to read this report to see how the Government is designing effective regulations to protect our environment and the health, safety and security of Canadians.

Original signed by:

The Honourable Scott Brison

President of the Treasury Board

Types of federal regulations

Regulations are a type of law intended to change behaviours and achieve public policy objectives. They have legal binding effect, and are made by every order of government in Canada in accordance with responsibilities set out in the Constitution Act.

Regulations are used to support a broad range of objectives, such as:

• health and safety
• security
• culture and heritage
• a strong and equitable economy
• the environment

Federal regulations deal with areas of federal jurisdiction, such as patent rules, vehicle emissions standards and drug licensing.

There are three principal categories of federal regulations, based on where the authority to make regulations lies:

1. Governor in Council (GIC) regulations are reviewed by a group of ministers who recommend approval to the Governor General. This role is performed by the Treasury Board.
2. Ministerial regulations are made by a minister who is given the authority to do so by law.
   • Example: The Health of Animals Act gives the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food the authority to make regulations that permit compensation for costs related to the disposal of animals as part of disease control activities by the Government of Canada. Such authority includes setting maximum amounts of compensation or the manner for determining the maximum amounts.
3. Other regulations made by an agency, tribunal or other entity that has been given the authority by Parliament to do so in a given area.
   • Example: The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission can make regulations related to broadcasting and telecommunications.

The findings of this report are based on GIC regulations only, which represent approximately two thirds of all regulations approved per year.

In the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year, a total of 324 regulations were published in the Canada Gazette, Part II, of which:

• 190 were GIC regulations (59% of all regulations)
• 134 were non-GIC regulations (41% of all regulations)

Section 1: benefits and costs of regulations

The process for making regulations in Canada

There are three main aspects to the process of making federal regulations in Canada:

1. Regulatory development: Departments and agencies develop proposals for regulations based on the authorities established in legislation and on expectations set out in the Cabinet Directive on Regulatory Management. The Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat works with departments and agencies to:
   • develop appropriate evidence, such as a cost-benefit analysis
   • challenge the analysis in regulatory proposals for consistency with the Cabinet directive
2. Central oversight: In general, proposed regulations are submitted by sponsoring ministers for consideration by the Governor in Council, which is defined in the Constitution Act as the “Governor General acting by and with the Advice of the Queen’s Privy Council for Canada.” Since 2003, the Treasury Board has been designated as the Cabinet committee responsible for considering GIC matters, that is, the approval of regulations and most Orders in Council.
3. Public transparency: Proposed GIC regulations are, with Treasury Board approval, published for public comment in the Canada Gazette, Part I (pre-publication).
   • Pre-publication of regulatory proposals provides interested stakeholders and all Canadians with a description of the intent of proposed regulations and of the justification for them, with proposed regulatory text.
   • Comments received following pre-publication can inform the final design of a regulation and the impact analysis for that regulation.
   • Final regulations are, with GIC approval, published in Canada Gazette, Part II.

What is cost-benefit analysis (CBA)?

CBA is a decision-making methodology to determine the best approach to achieve a goal. CBA identifies and measures the positive and negative impacts of proposals so that decision-makers can determine the best course of action.

In the regulatory context, CBA is a structured approach to identify and consider the economic, environmental and social effects of a regulatory proposal. Since 1986, the Government of Canada has required that a CBA be done for most regulatory proposals in order to assess their potential impact on areas such as:

• the environment
• workers
• businesses
• consumers
• other sectors of society

Regulators must make a convincing case to decision-makers, stakeholders and Canadians that the regulatory approach recommended is superior to non-regulatory alternatives. Regulators must demonstrate that:

• the benefits to Canadians outweigh the costs
• the regulation has been structured so that the benefits outweigh costs as much as possible

The Cabinet Directive on Regulatory Management requires that departments and agencies assess the benefits and costs of regulatory and non-regulatory measures, including scenarios where the government does not intervene.

The results of the CBA are summarized in a Regulatory Impact Analysis Statement (RIAS), which is published with proposed regulations in the Canada Gazette, Part I. The RIAS enables the public to:

• review the analysis
• provide comments to regulators before final consideration by the Governor in Council and subsequent publication of approved final regulations in the Canada Gazette, Part II.

Types of CBA

The scope and depth of analysis required for regulatory proposals depends on the cost component of each proposal. In general, the greater the estimated cost of the proposal, the more comprehensive the analysis of benefits and costs must be, and the greater the effort required to undertake this analysis.

For federal regulatory proposals, benefits and costs can be described in one of three ways:

1. Qualitative: a cost or benefit that is only described and not measured physically
   • Example: a qualitative benefit could be expressed as “this proposal will improve air quality”
2. Quantitative: a cost or benefit that is expressed physically or as a quantity
   • Example: a quantified benefit could be expressed as “this proposal is expected to reduce the incidences of respiratory illnesses in Canadian children by 90,000”
3. Monetized: a cost or benefit for which the quantity is converted into a currency amount (for example, dollars) using an approach that considers both the value of an impact and when it occurs.
   • Example: a monetized benefit could be expressed as “this proposal is expected to save the Canadian health care system $10 million per year over the next 10 years through reduced hospital admissions”

Regulatory proposals are assessed through triage and are categorized according to their expected level of impact. The level of impact is determined primarily by the anticipated cost of the proposal.

Table 1: the 3 levels of impact

	Present value of costs (over 10 years)	Annual cost
Low impact	Less than $10 million	Less than $1 million
Medium impact	$10 million to $100 million	$1 million to $10 million
High impact	More than $100 million	More than $10 million

The level of impact indicated in the preliminary assessment of the proposal determines the type of CBA required. The degree of analysis and assessment required for a given regulatory proposal should be proportional to the anticipated level of the regulation’s impact. This proportionate approach is consistent with regulatory best practices set out by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

Table 2: analysis required by level of impact

Description of costs	Description of benefits	Annual cost
Low impact	Qualitative or quantitative	Qualitative
Medium impact	Quantified and monetized	Quantified and monetized (if data are readily available)
High impact	Quantified and monetized	Quantified and monetized

Regulatory proposals may include types of analysis beyond the requirements set out above. For example:

• a proposal that has a high or medium impact may include qualitative benefits and costs to support the monetized and quantified benefits and costs
• a low-impact proposal may include quantified or monetized analysis

This report covers only GIC regulations and is limited to those that are considered significant (those that have a medium impact or high impact). Figures are taken from RIASs for regulations published in the Canada Gazette, Part II, in the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year. To remove the effect of inflation, figures are expressed in 2012 dollars and vary from those published in the RIASs. This approach permits meaningful and consistent comparison, regardless of the year in which outcomes were originally measured.

Overview of benefits and costs of regulations

Of the 190 GIC regulations finalized in the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year:

• 170 were low-impact (89% of GIC regulations and 52% of all regulations)
• 20 were significant (11% of GIC regulations and 6% of all regulations)

Figure 1: provides an overview of the categories of regulations published between April 1, 2016, and March 31, 2017.

During this period, 134 non-Governor in Council regulations were published, and 190 Governor in Council regulations were published.

Of the 190 Governor in Council regulations, 170 were low-impact regulations, and 20 were medium- or high-impact regulations, also known as significant regulations.

Of the 20 significant regulations, 14 had cost-benefit analysis of monetized costs and benefits, and 2 had analysis of monetized costs only

Monetized benefits and costs

An analysis of monetized benefits and costs is required for all significant regulatory proposals. As mentioned, medium-impact proposals are not required to monetize benefits when data is not readily available. Although some low-impact proposals include a full CBA, such proposals are the exception. The data on CBAs provided in this report are from medium- and high-impact proposals.

Of the 20 significant regulations, 16 had monetized impacts, representing 8.4% of GIC regulations and 4.9% of all regulations. Of these:

• 14 had monetized benefits and costs
• 2 had monetized costs only

Figure 2: depicts the net benefit of significant regulations published between April 1, 2016, and March 31, 2017.

The total cost associated with significant regulations was $7.0 billion.

The total benefit associated with significant regulations was $16.6 billion.

The difference between the total cost and total benefit is a net benefit of $9.6 billion.

Of the 14 regulations that had monetized estimates of both benefits and costs (expressed as total present value.

• total costs were $7,016,127,674
• total benefits were $16,602,777,694
• net benefits were $9,586,650,020

Following are examples of monetized benefits and costs identified in regulations in the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year:

• The Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016:
  • strengthened energy performance standards for currently regulated categories of products
  • updated the previous regulations with new text that makes it easier for stakeholders to find and understand the requirements that apply to them The cumulative net benefit associated with the measures in this regulation is estimated at $1.394 billion (net present value) to 2030.
• The Multi-Sector Air Pollutants Regulations set mandatory national performance standards for:
  • certain industrial engines, such as for natural gas compression and generators
  • industrial boilers and heaters
  • cement kilns These performance standards limit the quantity of nitrogen oxide and sulphur dioxide that can be emitted and will result in significant health benefits for Canadians. From 2016 to 2035, the net benefit is:
  • $6.047 billion (net present value) for measures related to engines
  • $310 million (net present value) for measures related to boilers and heaters
• The Regulations Amending the Food and Drug Regulations (Nutrition Labelling, Other Labelling Provisions and Food Colours) will institute new requirements for the nutrition labelling of foods. Although industry and, ultimately, consumers will incur costs to comply with the new rules, the changes will result in:
  • better health outcomes for Canadians
  • lower costs to Canada’s health care system The estimated net benefit of the changes is $1.295 billion (net present value) over 10 years.

CBAs frequently include quantitative and qualitative elements in addition to monetized analysis. The overall analysis of a proposal must consider this broader range of evidence. In the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year:

• 2 regulatory proposals had monetized costs that were equal to monetized benefits
• 4 regulatory proposals had monetized costs that were greater than monetized benefits (see Table 1 for details)

For detailed benefits and costs by regulation, see Appendix 1.

Table 3: Regulations that had net present monetized value less than or equal to zero

Department	Regulation	Benefits (total present value)	Costs (total present value)	Net present value
High-impact regulations
Employment and Social Development Canada	Regulations Amending the Employment Insurance Regulations (SOR/2016-162)	$368,156,829	$373,888,383	-$5,731,554
Employment and Social Development Canada	Regulations Amending the Employment Insurance Regulations and the Employment Insurance (Fishing) Regulations (SOR/2016 206)	$2,204,737,834	$2,252,500,785	-$47,762,951
Employment and Social Development Canada	Regulations Amending the Employment Insurance Regulations (SOR/2016 314)	$61,327,630	$61,327,630	$0
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Emergency Order for the Protection of the Western Chorus Frog (Great Lakes / St. Lawrence: Canadian Shield Population) (SOR/2016-211) Note: A CBA is included in Emergency Order for the Protection of the Western Chorus Frog (Great Lakes / St. Lawrence: Canadian Shield Population) (SI/2016 036)	$566,047	$9,019,008	-$8,452,961
Health Canada	Pest Control Products Fees and Charges Regulations (SOR/2017 9)	$31,981,628	$31,981,628	$0
Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada	Regulations Amending the Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations (Temporary Resident Visa) (SOR/2016 293)	$168,698,744	$414,104,788	-$245,406,044

Quantitative benefits and costs

In addition to monetized information, an analysis of quantified benefits and costs can be presented in significant regulatory proposals, and can be included in low-impact proposals if available.

Information on quantified benefits and costs is frequently used as the basis for monetized analysis in proposals. Such information can also be used on its own, such as when monetized benefits and costs are not present. Generally, such a case would be when there are no data, or the data are of insufficient quality, to allow costs or benefits to be monetized.

To be considered monetized, the dollar values used in a CBA are adjusted so that values and prices that occur at different times are equal:

• to their exchange value (inflation adjustment)
• when they occur (discounting)

In instances where an analysis includes dollar figures that have not been converted to fit within a CBA framework, dollar figures are considered to be quantitative impacts.

For the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year, 13 of the 20 significant regulatory proposals included quantified costs and/or benefits:

• 4 were medium-impact proposals
• 9 were high-impact proposals
• Of these 13 significant regulations, 1 medium-impact and 3 high-impact proposals provided costing that did not apply cost-benefit conventions, so the analysis was considered to be quantified instead of monetized

The following are examples of quantified benefits and costs identified in significant regulations in the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year:

• The Regulations Amending the Metal Mining Effluent Regulations add a portion of Trail Creek, near the Red Chris Mine in British Columbia, to Schedule 2 of the Metal Mining Effluent Regulations. This addition allows for the expansion of a tailings storage facility that will infill a portion of a creek adjacent to the mine. The implementation of a fish habitat compensation plan will increase local fish habitat near the mine by 8,781 m2, offsetting the 1,905 m2 of fish habitat impacted.
• Under the Regulations Amending the Canada Student Financial Assistance Regulations and the Apprentice Loans Regulations, increased benefits in the form of non-repayable Canada Student Grants will assist 21,002 students (nationally, over 10 years) who because of financial reasons could not otherwise pursue their studies to complete their education and become skilled workers.
• New requirements for training, labelling and safety data sheets under the Regulations Amending Certain Regulations Made Under the Canada Labour Code will provide greater information concerning hazardous materials for workers in the federally regulated workforce that handles such materials. The requirements are expected to result in 4 fewer work-related injuries per year and 1 fewer work-related fatality every 3 years between 2015 and 2034.
• The Regulations Amending the Employment Insurance Regulations and the Employment Insurance (Fishing) Regulations eliminated the new entrants and re-entrants provisions in the Employment Insurance program, thus expanding access to Employment Insurance and providing additional support to 50,500 claimants who may be engaged in non-standard work and who experience reduced job security and income predictability.

A list of quantitative benefits and/or costs included in significant regulations in the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year can be found in Appendix 1 (Table 4).

Qualitatively described benefits and costs

Qualitative benefits and costs form the basis for the analysis of low-impact regulatory proposals. They also provide useful information when considered with monetized and quantitative data in significant proposals.

Qualitatively described benefits and costs are categorized according to the importance of the impact described:

• primary: costs and/or benefits that are a direct and intended result of the regulation
• secondary: costs and/or benefits that are not central to the regulation but may still be significant
• tertiary: costs and/or benefits that are of minor importance and may not be directly attributable to the regulation

This report considers only the primary and secondary benefits and costs included in significant GIC regulatory proposals.

In the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year, a number of significant regulations included qualitative analysis of benefits and costs in addition to the monetized and/or quantitative analysis required:

• 9 of the 20 significant proposals included qualitatively described benefits and/or costs
• altogether, these proposals listed 33 qualitatively described benefits and 5 costs
• a further 3 significant proposals included only tertiary benefits and/or costs

Following are examples of qualitative benefits and costs identified in significant regulations in the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year:

• The Cribs, Cradles and Bassinets Regulations were introduced to help improve the safety of these products to further safeguard against injuries and deaths, while bringing the majority of the Canadian regulatory requirements in line with those of the United States. In addition to the monetized analysis, the regulation identified a number of qualitative benefits and costs. According to the analysis provided:
  • industry could experience lower compliance costs because of improved alignment of US and Canadian regulatory requirements
  • consumers were expected to benefit from avoided injuries and fatalities relating to the new requirements for cradle vertical impacting, and for accessories to cribs, cradles and bassinets
• The Emergency Order for the Protection of the Western Chorus Frog (Great Lakes / St. Lawrence: Canadian Shield Population) accelerated the coming into force of protections for the Western Chorus Frog to help prevent activities that may further damage its habitat. The monetized analysis was supported by a qualitative indication that the emergency order was expected to contribute to the recovery of the species and protect it from an imminent threat, thus contributing to overall biodiversity in the area.
• The Regulations Amending the Canada Student Financial Assistance Regulations and the Apprentice Loans Regulations introduced changes to Canada student loans and Canada student grants to make post-secondary education more affordable for students from low- and middle-income families. The RIAS included both monetized and quantitative analysis of benefits and costs, and bolstered this evidence with additional qualitative information. The regulations indicated that students who otherwise could not pursue post-secondary education without the regulatory amendments would experience:
  • lower rates of unemployment and shorter periods of unemployment due to post-secondary credentials
  • greater health and longevity
  • intergenerational effects (improved health, effects of education on child development and future earnings of children)

A list of proposals for significant regulations in the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year that included an analysis of qualitative benefits and/or costs can be found in Appendix 1 (Table 5).

Section 2: Implementation of the One-for-One Rule

The One-for-One Rule

In order to comply with the annual reporting requirements of the Red Tape Reduction Act, this report also provides an update on the implementation of the One-for-One Rule.

The One-for-One Rule, instituted in the 2012 to 2013 fiscal year, seeks to control the growth of administrative burden on business that arises from regulations. When a new or amended regulation increases the administrative burden on business, the rule requires that the cost of this burden be offset via other regulatory changes. Administrative burden includes:

• planning, collecting, processing and reporting of information
• completing forms
• retaining data required by the federal government to comply with a regulation

Compliance also includes:

• filling out licence applications and forms
• finding and compiling data for audits
• becoming familiar with the government’s requirements for providing information

The rule also requires that an existing regulation be repealed each time a new regulation imposes new administrative burden on business.

The rule applies to all regulatory changes that impose new administrative burden costs on business. There are three categories of exemptions established under the Red Tape Reduction Act:

1. regulations related to tax or tax administration
2. regulations where there is no discretion regarding what is to be included in the regulation (for example, treaty obligations or the implementation of a court decision)
3. regulations made in response to an emergency or other unique circumstance where compliance with the rule would compromise the Canadian economy, public health or safety

Regulators are required to monetize and report on:

• the change in administrative burden
• feedback from stakeholders and Canadians on departments’ and agencies’ estimates of administrative burden costs or savings to business
• the number of regulations created or removed

As with CBA, the dollar values used in estimates of administrative burden are adjusted so that values and prices that occur at different times are equal in their exchange value (inflation adjustment) and when they occur (discounting). In this report, all figures related to the One-for-One Rule are expressed in 2012 dollars to permit meaningful and consistent comparison of regulations, regardless of the fiscal year in which they were introduced.

In 2015, the Red Tape Reduction Act gave the One-for-One Rule the force of law and enshrined the existing policy requirement in law. The act and its associated regulations also require that an annual report on the implementation of the rule be published.

Key findings on the implementation of the One-for-One Rule

The main findings on changes in administrative regulatory burden and the overall number of regulations for the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year are as follows:

• Administrative burden reductions of $455,692 per year were achieved in new regulations in the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year, resulting in over $30.2 million reduced since the 2012 to 2013 fiscal year
• 14 regulatory titles (net) were taken off the books, with a total net reduction of 46 since the 2012 to 2013 fiscal year

A detailed report on regulations that had implications under the One-for-One Rule is in Appendix 2.

The regulation removing the most regulatory burden in the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year was the Regulations Amending the Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations (Skilled Worker). This regulation reduced administrative burden to businesses by $1.2 million per year by removing the requirement for some employers to request a Labour Market Impact Assessment from Employment and Social Development Canada in order for their temporary foreign worker employees to qualify for arranged employment.

Figure 3 provides statistics on the implementation of the One-for-One Rule for significant regulations published between April 1, 2016, and March 31, 2017.

There were 2 new regulatory titles added to the regulatory stock and 16 regulatory titles repealed, for a net of 14 fewer regulations in the regulatory stock.

There were 9 instances where regulations were exempted from the One-for-One Rule, including 4 emergency or crisis situations, 2 exemptions for tax and tax administration, and 3 non-discretionary obligations.

In total, 13 regulations increased administrative burden by $844,825, and 11 regulations decreased administrative burden by $1,300,517, for a net reduction of $455,692 in administrative burden costs.

Appendix 1: detailed report on CBAs for the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year

Table 1 indicates significant proposals that included both monetized benefits and monetized costs. These proposals may also include quantitative and/or qualitative CBA data to supplement the monetized CBA.

Table 1: final significant regulatory changes in the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year that had monetized benefits and costs

Department	Regulation	Benefits (total present value)	Costs (total present value)	Net present value
High-impact regulations
Employment and Social Development Canada	Regulations Amending the Employment Insurance Regulations (SOR/2016-162)	$368,156,829	$373,888,383	-$5,731,554
Employment and Social Development Canada	Regulations Amending the Canada Student Financial Assistance Regulations and the Apprentice Loans Regulations (SOR/2016-199)	$2,965,140,310	$2,440,603,876	$524,536,434
Employment and Social Development Canada	Regulations Amending the Employment Insurance Regulations and the Employment Insurance (Fishing) Regulations (SOR/2016-206)	$2,204,737,834	$2,252,500,785	-$47,762,951
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Multi-Sector Air Pollutants Regulations (SOR/2016-151)	$6,851,470,000	$492,598,000	$6,358,872,000
Health Canada	Regulations Amending the Food and Drug Regulations (Nutrition Labelling, Other Labelling Provisions and Food Colours) (SOR/2016-305)	$1,817,197,984	$522,649,612	$1,294,548,372
Health Canada	Pest Control Products Fees and Charges Regulations (SOR/2017-9)	$31,981,628	$31,981,628	$0
Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada	Regulations Amending the Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations (Temporary Resident Visa) (SOR/2016-293)	$168,698,744	$414,104,788	-$245,406,044
Natural Resources Canada	Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (SOR/2016-311)	$1,753,855,573	$360,228,179	$1,393,627,394
Medium-impact regulations
Employment and Social Development Canada	Regulations Amending the Employment Insurance Regulations (SOR/2016-314)	$61,327,630	$61,327,630	$0
Employment and Social Development Canada (Labour Program)	Regulations Amending Certain Regulations Made Under the Canada Labour Code (SOR/2016-141)	$19,669,188	$2,868,625	$16,800,562
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Emergency Order for the Protection of the Western Chorus Frog (Great Lakes / St. Lawrence: Canadian Shield Population) (SOR/2016-211) Note: CBA included in Emergency Order for the Protection of the Western Chorus Frog (Great Lakes / St. Lawrence: Canadian Shield Population) (SI/2016-036)	$566,047	$9,019,008	-$8,452,96
Health Canada	Regulations Amending the Food and Drug Regulations (Shortages of Drugs and Discontinuation of Sale of Drugs) (SOR/2016-139)	$53,124,820	$27,234,375	$25,890,446
Health Canada	Cribs, Cradles and Bassinets Regulations (SOR/2016-152)	$32,832,253	$12,217,763	$20,614,490
Transport Canada	Regulations Amending the Small Fishing Vessel Inspection Regulations (SOR/2016-163)	$274,018,854	$14,905,022	$259,113,832
Total		$16,602,777,694	$7,016,127,674	$9,586,650,020

Table 2 indicates medium-impact proposals that included monetized costs and quantified benefits. Monetized costs are required for all significant proposals. A medium-impact proposal may express benefits in quantitative terms in situations where it is impractical to monetize those benefits.

Table 2: final regulatory changes in the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year that had monetized costs and quantified benefits

Department	Regulation	Costs (total present value)
Medium-impact regulations
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Regulations Amending the Metal Mining Effluent Regulations (SOR/2016-087)	$190,479
Health Canada	Access to Cannabis for Medical Purposes Regulations (SOR/2016-230) Note: Includes the Cannabis Exemption (Food and Drugs Act) Regulations (SOR/2016-231)	$22,665,101
Total		$2,204,737,834

Table 3 indicates significant proposals for which monetized benefits and costs were:

• not provided
• based on quantified benefits and quantified costs

The table includes proposals for which dollar figures were:

• provided but did not conform to CBA conventions
• considered to be quantified rather than monetized

Table 3: List of final significant regulatory changes in the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year that had quantified benefits and quantified costs

Department	Regulation
High-impact regulations
Department of Finance Canada	Ferry-Boats Remission Order, 2016 (SOR/2016-140)
Department of Finance Canada	Regulations Amending the Income Tax Regulations (Film and Video Productions, 2016) (SOR/2016-262)
Department of Finance Canada	Order Amending the Schedule to the Customs Tariff, 2016-2 (Agri-food Inputs) (SOR/2016-313)
Medium-impact regulations
Department of Finance Canada	Order Amending the Schedule to the Customs Tariff (Information Technology Agreement Expansion, 2016) (SOR/2016-197)

Table 4: quantified benefits and costs from significant regulations for the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year

Department	Regulation	Benefits	Costs
High-impact regulations
Department of Finance Canada	Ferry-Boats Remission Order, 2016 (SOR/2016-140)	$111.3 milliontable 1 note* in waived tariffs on Canadian ferry-boat operators	$111.3 milliontable 1 note* in foregone tariff revenue to the Government of Canada
Department of Finance Canada	Regulations Amending the Income Tax Regulations (Film and Video Productions, 2016) (SOR/2016-262)	$33 milliontable 1 note* increased eligibility for the Canadian Film or Video Production Tax Credit for the production of talk shows	$33 milliontable 1 note* foregone tax revenue to the Government of Canada
Department of Finance Canada	Order Amending the Schedule to the Customs Tariff, 2016-2 (Agri-food Inputs) (SOR/2016-313)	$48 milliontable 1 note* in reduced tariffs on certain products used by Canadian agri-food processors	$48 milliontable 1 note* in foregone tariff revenue to the Government of Canada
Employment and Social Development Canada	Regulations Amending the Employment Insurance Regulations (SOR/2016-162)	419,000 Employment Insurance (EI) claimants who receive more EI benefits 18,600 EI claimants who revert to the rules under a previous pilot project	283,500 EI claimants who receive fewer EI benefits
Employment and Social Development Canada	Regulations Amending the Canada Student Financial Assistance Regulations and the Apprentice Loans Regulations (SOR/2016-199)	21,002 students who could not otherwise pursue training to become skilled workers	No quantified impacts identified
Employment and Social Development Canada	Regulations Amending the Employment Insurance Regulations and the Employment Insurance (Fishing) Regulations (SOR/2016-206)	50,500 EI skilled worker claimants	No quantified impacts identified
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Multi-Sector Air Pollutants Regulations (SOR/2016-151)	84.6 million MMBtu of fuel saved	No quantified impacts identified
Health Canada	Pest Control Products Fees and Charges Regulations (SOR/2017-9)	No quantified impacts identified	2% to 6% fewer registrations of active ingredients and pest control products 2% increase in products discontinued or not renewed
Natural Resources Canada	Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (SOR/2016-311)	Energy savings of 81.8 petajoules Greenhouse gas emission reductions of 6.3 megatonnes	No quantified impacts identified
Medium-impact regulations
Department of Finance Canada	Order Amending the Schedule to the Customs Tariff (Information Technology Agreement Expansion, 2016) (SOR/2016-197)	$52.5 milliontable 1 note* in eliminated customs duties on tariff items in the information and communication technology sectors	$52.5 milliontable 1 note* in foregone revenue to the Government of Canada
Employment and Social Development Canada	Regulations Amending the Employment Insurance Regulations (SOR/2016-314)	4,700 employers who will continue to receive reductions in premiums while transitioning to revised employee benefit plans 16,400 employees receiving an additional week of benefits in year 1 of the transitional period	16,400 additional Records of Employment issued per year during transitional period
Employment and Social Development Canada (Labour Program)	Regulations Amending Certain Regulations Made Under the Canada Labour Code (SOR/2016-141)	4 fewer work-related injuries per year 1 fewer work-related fatality every 3 years	No quantified impacts identified
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Regulations Amending the Metal Mining Effluent Regulations (SOR/2016-087)	8,781 m2 increase in fish habitat	1,905 m2 decrease in fish habitat
* Denotes benefits and costs described using dollar figures but considered as quantitative rather than monetized because of their not having been adjusted for inflation or discounted according to accepted CBA conventions

Table 5 lists all significant regulatory proposals in the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year that included analysis of qualitative benefits and costs in addition to monetized and/or quantitative benefits and/or costs.

Table 5: final significant regulatory changes in the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year that included qualitative benefits and/or costs

Department	Regulation
High-impact regulations
Department of Finance Canada	Regulations Amending the Income Tax Regulations (Film and Video Productions, 2016) (SOR/2016-262) (tertiary only)
Employment and Social Development Canada	Regulations Amending the Employment Insurance Regulations (SOR/2016-162)
Employment and Social Development Canada	Regulations Amending the Canada Student Financial Assistance Regulations and the Apprentice Loans Regulations (SOR/2016-199) (tertiary only)
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Multi-Sector Air Pollutants Regulations (SOR/2016-151)
Health Canada	Regulations Amending the Food and Drug Regulations (Nutrition Labelling, Other Labelling Provisions and Food Colours) (SOR/2016-305) (tertiary only)
Health Canada	Pest Control Products Fees and Charges Regulations (SOR/2017-9)
Medium-impact regulations
Employment and Social Development Canada	Regulations Amending the Employment Insurance Regulations (SOR/2016-314)
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Regulations Amending the Metal Mining Effluent Regulations (SOR/2016-087)
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Emergency Order for the Protection of the Western Chorus Frog (Great Lakes / St. Lawrence: Canadian Shield Population) (SOR/2016-211) Note: CBA included in Emergency Order for the Protection of the Western Chorus Frog (Great Lakes / St. Lawrence: Canadian Shield Population) (SI/2016-036)
Health Canada	Cribs, Cradles and Bassinets Regulations (SOR/2016-152)
Health Canada	Access to Cannabis for Medical Purposes Regulations (SOR/2016-230) Note: Includes the Cannabis Exemption (Food and Drugs Act) Regulations (SOR/2016-231)
Health Canada	Regulations Amending the Food and Drug Regulations (Shortages of Drugs and Discontinuation of Sale of Drugs) (SOR/2016-139)

Appendix 2: detailed report on the One-for-One Rule for the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year

Table 1: final regulatory changes in the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year that had administrative burden implications under the One-for-One Rule and published in the Canada Gazette, Part II

Portfolio	Regulation	Publication date	Net burden in	Net burden out
Department of Finance Canada	Regulations Amending Certain Regulations Made Under the Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act, 2016 (SOR/2016-153)	June 29, 2016	$ 61,858	$0
Department of Finance Canada	Canadian Payments Association By-law No. 2 – Finance (SOR/2016-283)	November 16, 2016	$0	$45,295
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Multi-Sector Air Pollutants Regulations (SOR/2016-151)	June 29, 2016	$273,535	$0
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Regulations Repealing the Vinyl Chloride Release Regulations, 1992 (SOR/2016-096)	June 1, 2016	$0	$2,034
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Ozone-depleting Substances and Halocarbon Alternatives Regulations (SOR/2016-137)	June 29, 2016	$0	$2,222
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Regulations Amending the Regulations Designating Regulatory Provisions for Purposes of Enforcement (Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999) (SOR/2016-138)	June 29, 2016	$0	$0
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Regulations Amending the Export and Import of Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Recyclable Material Regulations (SOR/2016-273)	November 2, 2016	$594	$0
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Regulations Amending the Prohibition of Certain Toxic Substances Regulations, 2012 (SOR/2016-252)	October 5, 2016	$1,100	$0
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Order Amending Schedule 3 to the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (SOR/2016-327)	January 11, 2017	$6,212	$0
Health Canada	Regulations Amending the Food and Drug Regulations (Part J – 2C-phenethylamine) (SOR/2016-072)	May 4, 2016	$792	$0
Health Canada	Regulations Amending the Food and Drug Regulations (Parts G and J – Lefetamine, AH-7921, MT-45 and W-18) (SOR/2016-106)	June 1, 2016	$1,715	$0
Health Canada	Regulations Amending the Food and Drug Regulations (Shortages of Drugs and Discontinuation of Sale of Drugs) (SOR/2016-139)	June 29, 2016	$347,534	$0
Health Canada	Regulations Amending the Precursor Control Regulations (Fentanyl Precursors) (SOR/2016-294)	November 30, 2016	$3,675	$0
Health Canada	Regulations Amending Certain Regulations Made Under the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (SOR/2017-012)	February 22, 2017	$0	$2,270
Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada	Regulations Amending the Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations (Skilled Worker) (SOR/2016-298)	November 30, 2016	$0	$1,200,000
Indigenous and Northern Affairs	Regulations Amending the Territorial Quarrying Regulations (SOR/2016-131)	June 29, 2016	$0	$2,314
Indigenous and Northern Affairs	Regulations Amending the Territorial Land Use Regulations (SOR/2016-132)	June 29, 2016	$0	$5,318
Natural Resources Canada	Amendments to the Explosives Regulations, 2013 (SOR/2016-075)	May 4, 2016	$0	$2,104
Natural Resources Canada	Regulations Amending the Canada Lands Surveyors Regulations (SOR/2016-270)	November 2, 2016	$0	$12,335
Natural Resources Canada	Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (SOR/2016-311)	December 28, 2016	$0	$2,756
Public Services and Procurement Canada	Regulations Amending the Controlled Goods Regulations (SOR/2016-201)	July 13, 2016	$106,943	$0
Transport Canada	Regulations Amending the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations (Reporting Requirements and International Restrictions on Lithium Batteries) (SOR/2016-095)	June 1, 2016	$31,568	$0
Transport Canada	Regulations Amending the Small Fishing Vessel Inspection Regulations (SOR/2016-163)	July 13, 2016	$0	$23,869
Transport Canada	Regulations Amending the Canadian Aviation Regulations (Aerodrome Work Consultations) (SOR/2016-261)	October 19, 2016	$6,048	$0
Transport Canada	Prevention and Control of Fires on Line Works Regulations (SOR/2016-317)	December 28, 2016	$3,251	$0
Total			$844,825	$1,300,517
Net administrative burden for the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year			($455,692)

Portfolio	Regulation	Net impact on regulatory stock
New regulatory titles that have administrative burden
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Multi-Sector Air Pollutants Regulations (SOR/2016-151)	1
Transport Canada	Prevention and Control of Fires on Line Works Regulations (SOR/2016-317)	1
Subtotal		2
Repealed regulations
Environment and Climate Change Canada	The Regulations Repealing the Vinyl Chloride Release Regulations, 1992 (SOR/2016-096) repealed the Vinyl Chloride Release Regulations, 1992	(1)
Environment and Climate Change Canada	Regulations Amending the Prohibition of Certain Toxic Substances Regulations, 2012 (SOR/2016-252) repealed: Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers Regulations Perfluorooctane Sulfonate and its Salts and Certain Other Compounds Regulations	(2)
Innovation, Science and Economic Development	Regulations Repealing the Regulations Specifying Investigative Bodies (Miscellaneous Program) (SOR/2016-063) repealed the Regulations Specifying Investigative Bodies	(1)
Transport Canada	Order Repealing Certain Regulations Made Under the Railway Safety Act (SOR/2016-319) repealed: Grand River Railway Traffic Rules and Regulations Heating and Power Boilers Regulations Algoma Central Railway Traffic Rules and Regulations Canadian National Railway Passenger Train Travel Rules and Regulations Dominion Atlantic Railway Traffic Rules and Regulations Lake Erie and Northern Railway Traffic Rules and Regulations Quebec Central Railway Traffic Rules and Regulations Railway Abandonment Regulations Specification 112 and 114 Tank Cars Regulations Details of Maps, Plans, Profiles, Drawings, Specifications and Books of Reference Regulations Railway Hygiene Regulations Canadian Pacific Railway Traffic Rules and Regulations	(12)
Subtotal		(16)
Total net impact on regulatory stock for the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year		(14)

Table 3: regulatory changes exempted from the One-for-One Rule and published in the Canada Gazette, Part II, in the 2016 to 2017 fiscal year

Portfolio	Regulations	SOR number	Publication date	Exemption type
Department of Finance Canada	Regulations Amending the Artists’ Representatives (GST/HST) Regulations	SOR/2016-060	April 20, 2016	Tax or tax administration
Global Affairs Canada	Regulations Amending the Special Economic Measures (Russia) Regulations	SOR/2016-050	April 6, 2016	Emergencies / crisis situation
Global Affairs Canada	Regulations Amending the Special Economic Measures (Ukraine) Regulations	SOR/2016-051	April 6, 2016	Emergencies / crisis situation
Global Affairs Canada	Regulations Amending the Regulations the Implementing the United Nations Resolutions on the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK)	SOR/2016-278	November 2, 2016	Non-discretionary obligations
Global Affairs Canada	Regulations Amending the Special Economic Measures (Ukraine) Regulations	SOR/2016-304	December 14, 2016	Emergencies / crisis situation
Health Canada	Access to Cannabis for Medical Purposes Regulations	SOR/2016-230	August 24, 2016	Non-discretionary obligations
National Revenue	Expiry of Sections 10 to 12 and 13 to 15 of the Softwood Lumber Products Export Charge Act, 2006 Regulations	SOR/2016-155	June 29, 2016	Tax or tax administration
Public Safety Canada	Regulations Amending the Regulations Establishing a List of Entities	SOR/2016-320	December 23, 2016	Emergencies / crisis situation
Transport Canada	The Marine Liability and Information Return Regulations	SOR/2016-307	December 14, 2016	Non-discretionary obligations