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<h2>Annex A</h2>
<h2>Annex A</h2>
<h2>Annex C</h2>
<h2> Annex B (informative) Federal, provincial and other regulations applicable to heating oil </h2>
<h3> B.1 Federal regulations </h3>
B1.1 Canadian Environmental Protection Act
The following federal regulations have been enacted under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act :
B.1.1.1 Fuels Information Regulations, No. 1 (C.R.C. c. 407 amended by SOR/DORS/ 2000-104)
These regulations require producers and importers to submit information on sulphur and additive contents (other than lead) of liquid fuels.
B.1.1.2 Contaminated Fuel Regulations (SOR/DORS/91-486)
These regulations prohibit the importation of fuels that have been contaminated with hazardous wastes.
B.1.1.3 Renewable Fuels Regulations (SOR/DORS/2010-189)
These regulations define the renewable fuel content requirements for gasoline, diesel and heating oil.
B.1.2 The following federal regulations also apply to fuels meeting this standard:
B.1.2.1 Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations (SOR/DORS/2001-286)
These regulations, enacted under the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act, 1992, give detailed packaging, labelling and documentation requirements for transporting fuels in Canada.
<h3> B.2 Provincial regulations </h3>
B.2.1 Ontario
B.2.1.1 General requirements
The general requirements are controlled under the Technical Standards and Safety Act, 2000, S.O. 2000, c. 16, approved by Order in Council, March 5, 2001. Under this Act, the Liquid Fuels Handling Code, August 2017, was published by the Technical Standards and Safety Authority. The Code lists product standards (in Appendix B where CAN/CGSB-3.2 is referenced), which include a 120-day period for any new standards or amendments to take effect.
B.2.2 Quebec
B.2.2.1 General requirements
The general requirements are controlled under the latest version of the Loi sur les produits pétroliers, RLRQ., chapitre. P-30.01, r.2 or Petroleum Products Act, CQLR, chapter, P-30.01, Petroleum Products Regulation, CQLR, chapter P-30.01, r.2. . This regulation lists Quebec quality requirements for aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, automotive gasolines, gasolines containing denatured fuel ethanol for use in automotive spark ignition fuels, diesel fuels, diesel fuels containing biodiesel (B100) for blending in middle distillate fuels, fuel oil types 0, 1 and 2, and fuel oil types 4, 5 and 6.
Amendments and editions published apply only 90 days after the last day of the month that the French text of the amendments or editions was published. The Direction générale des hydrocarbures et des biocombustibles of the ministère de l’Énergie et des Ressources naturelles is responsible for the application and revision of this regulation. Web site : https://mern.gouv.qc.ca/english/energy/index.jsp
B2.2.2 Clean Air Regulation (CQLR c Q-2, r 4.1)
This regulation references CAN/CGSB-3.2-2007 Heating Fuel Oil published in July 2007 by the Canadian General Standards Board, a dated reference.
B.2.3 Manitoba
B.2.3.1 Gas and Oil Burner Regulation (Man. Reg. 104/87 as amended by Man. Reg. 94/2018)
This Regulation states:
No person shall sell or deliver fuel oil for use within the province in a fuel oil burner used for heating purposes unless the fuel oil meets the requirements for the supply of fuel oil set forth in CSA B139-15, Installation Code for Oil-Burning Equipment, as amended from time to time.
B.2.4 British Columbia
B.2.4.1 Renewable and Low Carbon Fuel Requirements Regulation
(B.C. Reg. 394/2008 as amended by B.C. reg. 320/2009 and B.C. reg. 379/2010)
These regulations define the requirements for renewable fuels in British Columbia. The regulation is available online at http://www.bclaws.ca/EPLibraries/bclaws_new/document/ID/freeside/394_2008.
B2.4.2 Spill Preparedness, Response and Recovery Regulation
(B.C. Reg 185/2017)
This regulation refers to heating fuel CAN/CGSB-3.2-2015 or as amended from time to time.
B.2.5 Newfoundland and Labrador
B.2.5.1 Heating oil Storage Tank System Regulations
(NL Reg. 60/03 Amended by 103/03, 40/07, 17/09, 108/09, 90/10, 114/10, 71/11, 112/11)
These regulations apply to all systems with a capacity of 2500 litres or less that are or were connected to a heating appliance and are or were being used for the storage of heating oil and the delivery of heating oil to a connected heating appliance.
The regulation references CAN/CGSB-3.2-99, a dated reference.
<h3> B.3 Municipal regulations </h3>
B3.1 Montréal
B3.3.1 By-Law 90, Montréal Urban Community 1987 (as amended in 1996, 1998, 2000 and 2001)
limits sulphur in light fuel oil (Types 0, 1, 2 and 4) to a maximum of 0.4% by mass, and in heavy fuel oil (Types 5 and 6) to a maximum of 1.25 to 1.4% by mass depending upon location of use.
http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/sel/sypre-consultation/afficherpdf?idDoc=7566&typeDoc=1
<h2>Annex C (Informative) Significance of requirements for Type 2 fuel oil containing 1 to 5% biodiesel</h2>
<h3> C.1 Introduction </h3>
C.1.1 The properties of commercial Type 2 fuel oil depend on the refining practices employed and the nature of the feedstocks from which they are produced. For example, Type 2 fuel oil produced within the boiling range of 130°- 400°C may have many possible combinations of various properties such as volatility, density and viscosity.
C.1.2 Biodiesel typically has a narrow distillation range. It is normally produced by a reaction of a vegetable oil (such as soybean or canola oil), or an animal fat with an alcohol (such as methyl alcohol) in the presence of a catalyst. This reaction produces mono-alkyl esters and glycerol (glycerin). Most of the glycerol and excess alcohol are then removed from the biodiesel fuel component.
C.1.3 Biodiesel is an oxygenate because it contains oxygen in the ester functional group. The polar nature of long-chain alkyl ester molecules, due to the ester functional group, accounts for the differences between certain properties of the biodiesel component and those of hydrocarbon diesel fuel. For example, esters (and alcohol impurities) have higher solubility for water that can raise conductivity and act as electrolytes, which can accelerate corrosion.
<h3> C.2 Type 2 fuel oil containing 1 to 5% biodiesel</h3>
C.2.1 CAN/CGSB-3.2 is intended as a statement of permissible limits of significant fuel properties used for specifying the wide variety of commercially available fuel oils. Limiting values of significant properties are prescribed.
C.2.2 Type 2 fuel oil is primarily for use in domestic oil burning appliances. Type 2 fuel oil is a heavier distillate than Type 1 and is intended for use in most atomizing-type burner applications. This type of fuel oil is used in most domestic oil burning appliances and in some medium capacity commercial and industrial burners. Type 2 may contain up to 5% biodiesel.
C.2.3 As Type 2 fuel oil may contain up to 5% biodiesel there are some relevant differences that should be considered as detailed below.
<h3>C.3 Blending and storage of Type 2 fuel oil containing 1 to 5% biodiesel </h3>
C.3.1 When blending biodiesel and Type 2 heating fuel oil, each should be at least 5°C above their respective cloud point to prevent precipitation of trace components from some biodiesels. Such precipitates might not re-dissolve, and can plug filters on fuel dispensers or equipment. The blend of the two components should also be homogeneous.
C.3.2 “Splash blending” or sequential blending of components can result in heterogeneous (non-uniform) batches of product, resulting in some product having very high concentrations of biodiesel, and some product having little or none.
C.3.3 Exercise caution if biodiesel fuel blends have experienced temperatures below -15°C as precipitates can occur in bulk storage.
<h3> C.4 Recommended practices for the storage and handling of low-level biodiesel fuel blends </h3>
C.4.1 Recommended practices for storage and blending with heating fuel oil to ensure precipitation does not occur in the finished fuel due to temperature, solubility, moisture and concentration effects are available as follows:
C.4.1.1 Biodiesel Handling and Use Guide, Fourth edition 2009 NREL/TP-540-43672, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, available at http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy09osti/43672.pdf
C.4.1.2 Guidelines for handling and blending FAME (CONCAWE report No. 9/09), available as a PDF at http://www.concawe.org
C.4.2 Fuels should be stored under cool, clean, dry conditions. Free water should regularly be drained from storage tanks and filter housings.
C.4.3 It is especially important to store biodiesel fuel blends under clean, dry and cool conditions. Biodiesel fuel blends are more susceptible to microbial attack. This risk can be reduced by good housekeeping and ensuring that storage tanks are regularly drained to keep them dry. For more information on microbial contamination, refer to ASTM D6469.
C.4.4 Organic sediment can appear in fuels in long-term storage. Filtration is recommended prior to use.
C.4.5 Where long-term storage of biodiesel fuel blends is contemplated, use of stability additives (e.g. anti-oxidants, metal deactivators and dispersants) should be considered. The fuel supplier should be consulted.
C.4.6 Users of biodiesel fuel blends are advised to be cautious of storing blended fuel for an extended period of time. A good practice would be not to exceed six month’s storage.
C.4.7 Fuel storage containers and tanks should be opaque. Some translucent (plastic) tanks exposed to light have proven to be unsatisfactory for the storage of fuels.
C.4.8 Filter plugging problems – A number of contaminants in some biodiesels have relatively low solubility in heating fuel oil and can precipitate from fuel blends, sometimes in a non-reversible manner. This includes sterol glucosides and some saturated monoglycerides. Exposure to cold temperatures over time can accelerate this precipitation and the formation of larger agglomerates. These can settle in the bottom of storage tanks and plug filters.
