Changes

:Types 0, 1 and 2 fuel oils are primarily for use in domestic oil burning appliances. They may also be used for some industrial purposes.

:Types 0, 1 and 2 fuel oils are primarily for use in domestic oil burning appliances. They may also be used for some industrial purposes.

::a) Type 0 fuel oil is intended for use in fuel domestic oil burning appliances that have outside storage and where ambient temperatures as low as -48°C could be encountered.

::a) Type 0 fuel oil is intended for use in fuel domestic oil burning appliances that have outside storage and where ambient temperatures as low as -48°C could be encountered.

::b) Type 1 fuel oil is intended primarily for use in sleeve-type and wick-feed burners, excluding space heaters (see [[CGSB_ONGC/003_0002_2019_ENG#9.1 Wick-type kerosene heaters|9.1]]), and in most vaporizing pot-type burner applications. It is also intended for atomizing burners in which Type 2 fuel oil cannot be used satisfactorily. During periods of lower ambient temperature, Type 1 fuel oil may be used in place of Type 2 to minimize waxing problems.

::b) Type 1 fuel oil is intended primarily for use in sleeve-type and wick-feed burners, excluding space heaters (see [[#9.1 Wick-type kerosene heaters|9.1]]), and in most vaporizing pot-type burner applications. It is also intended for atomizing burners in which Type 2 fuel oil cannot be used satisfactorily. During periods of lower ambient temperature, Type 1 fuel oil may be used in place of Type 2 to minimize waxing problems.

::c) Type 2 fuel oil is a heavier distillate than Type 1 and is intended for use in most atomizing-type burner applications. This type of fuel oil is used in most domestic oil burning appliances and in some medium capacity commercial and industrial burners. Type 2 may contain up to 5% biodiesel (See [[CGSB_ONGC/003_0002_2019_ENG#Annex C|Annex C]] ).

::c) Type 2 fuel oil is a heavier distillate than Type 1 and is intended for use in most atomizing-type burner applications. This type of fuel oil is used in most domestic oil burning appliances and in some medium capacity commercial and industrial burners. Type 2 may contain up to 5% biodiesel (See [[#Annex C|Annex C]] ).

:Types 4, 5 and 6 fuel oils are primarily for use as industrial fuels: suitable for use in the pulp and paper industry, metallurgical operations, heat or power generation, etc.<br>

:Types 4, 5 and 6 fuel oils are primarily for use as industrial fuels: suitable for use in the pulp and paper industry, metallurgical operations, heat or power generation, etc.<br>

::a) Type 4 is an industrial fuel oil intended primarily for burner installations equipped with limited preheating facilities or with no preheating.

::a) Type 4 is an industrial fuel oil intended primarily for burner installations equipped with limited preheating facilities or with no preheating.

::b) Type 5 is a residual fuel oil for burner installations equipped with limited preheating facilities that require a fuel oil of lower viscosity than Type 6.

::b) Type 5 is a residual fuel oil for burner installations equipped with limited preheating facilities that require a fuel oil of lower viscosity than Type 6.

::c) Type 6 is a high-viscosity residual fuel oil for use in burners equipped with preheating facilities to handle such fuels.

::c) Type 6 is a high-viscosity residual fuel oil for use in burners equipped with preheating facilities to handle such fuels.

<br> See [[CGSB_ONGC/003_0002_2019_ENG#Annex B|Annex B]] for regulations that apply to heating fuel oil  

<br> See [[#Annex B|Annex B]] for regulations that apply to heating fuel oil  

:The testing and evaluation of a product against this standard may require the use of materials and/or equipment that could be hazardous. This document does not purport to address all the safety aspects associated with its use. Anyone using this standard has the responsibility to consult the appropriate authorities and to establish appropriate health and safety practices in conjunction with any applicable regulatory requirements prior to its use.<br><br>

:The testing and evaluation of a product against this standard may require the use of materials and/or equipment that could be hazardous. This document does not purport to address all the safety aspects associated with its use. Anyone using this standard has the responsibility to consult the appropriate authorities and to establish appropriate health and safety practices in conjunction with any applicable regulatory requirements prior to its use.<br><br>

<h2> '''2. Normative references'''</h2>

<h2> '''2. Normative references'''</h2>

<h5>2.1 Canadian General Standards Board <abbr title=""> (CGSB) </abbr></h5>

<h5>2.1 Canadian General Standards Board <abbr title=""> (CGSB) </abbr></h5>

:CAN/CGSB-3.0 – ''Methods of testing petroleum and associated products''<br>

:CAN/CGSB-3.0 – ''Methods of testing petroleum and associated products''<br>

:: No. 28.8 – ''Visual haze rating of liquid fuels''<br>CAN/CGSB-3.524 — ''Biodiesel (B100) for blending in middle distillate fuel''.<br>

:: [http://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/ongc-cgsb/P29-3-0-28-8-2015-eng.pdf No. 28.8 – ''Visual haze rating of liquid fuels'' ] </br>

<br>CAN/CGSB-3.524 — ''Biodiesel (B100) for blending in middle distillate fuel''.<br>

'''2.1.1 Source''' The above may be obtained from the Canadian General Standards Board, Sales Centre, Gatineau, Canada K1A 1G6. Telephone 819-956-0425 or 1-800-665-2472. Fax 819-956-5740. E-mail ncr.cgsb-ongc@tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca. Web site http://www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca/ongc-cgsb/index-eng.html.<br>

'''2.1.1 Source''' The above may be obtained from the Canadian General Standards Board, Sales Centre, Gatineau, Canada K1A 1G6. Telephone 819-956-0425 or 1-800-665-2472. Fax 819-956-5740. E-mail ncr.cgsb-ongc@tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca. Web site http://www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca/ongc-cgsb/index-eng.html.<br>

It may also be obtained from the Government of Canada Publications, Publishing and Depository Services, Public Services and Procurement Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0S5. Telephone: 1-800-635-7943 or 613-941-5995. Fax 1-800-565-7757 or 613-954-5779. Email publications@tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca. Website: http://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/home.html.

It may also be obtained from the Government of Canada Publications, Publishing and Depository Services, Public Services and Procurement Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0S5. Telephone: 1-800-635-7943 or 613-941-5995. Fax 1-800-565-7757 or 613-954-5779. Email publications@tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca. Website: http://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/home.html.

'''3.3'''<br>

'''3.3'''<br>

'''operability temperature (''température de service'')'''<br>

'''operability temperature (''température de service'')'''<br>

lowest temperature at which the fuel oil is designed to provide satisfactory performance under the conditions of storage and use (see [[CGSB_ONGC/003_0002_2019_ENG#6.23|6.23]], [[CGSB_ONGC/003_0002_2019_ENG#6.24 |6.24]] and [[CGSB_ONGC/003_0002_2019_ENG#9.2 |9.2]]).

lowest temperature at which the fuel oil is designed to provide satisfactory performance under the conditions of storage and use (see [[#6.23|6.23]], [[#6.24 |6.24]] and [[#9.2 |9.2]]).

'''3.4'''<br>

'''3.4'''<br>

'''3.5'''<br>

'''3.5'''<br>

'''2.5 percentile low-end design temperature''' <br>

'''2.5 percentile low-end design temperature''' <br>

emperature at or below which 2.5% of the hourly outside air temperatures are observed to occur for an indicated half month. The 2.5% low-end design temperature for most weather stations in Canada by half month period is available on the Canadian Fuels Association Web site ([[see 2.2]]). This dataset is based upon a statistical analysis of hourly weather readings from weather stations across Canada over the thirty year period from 1981 to 2010 inclusive.

emperature at or below which 2.5% of the hourly outside air temperatures are observed to occur for an indicated half month. The 2.5% low-end design temperature for most weather stations in Canada by half month period is available on the Canadian Fuels Association Web site ([[#2.2|2.2]]). This dataset is based upon a statistical analysis of hourly weather readings from weather stations across Canada over the thirty year period from 1981 to 2010 inclusive.

<h2> '''4. Classification''' </h2>

<h2> '''4. Classification''' </h2>

<h2> '''5. General requirements''' </h2>

<h2> '''5. General requirements''' </h2>

<h5>'''5.1'''</h5>

<h5>'''5.1'''</h5>

Unless otherwise allowed (see 5.4 and 6.17), the heating fuel oils shall consist of conventional hydrocarbons (i.e. petroleum-derived from natural gas liquid condensates, crude oil, heavy oil, shale oil and oil sands), synthetic hydrocarbons (see 9.13) or mixtures of conventional and synthetic hydrocarbons and may include naturally occurring non-hydrocarbons.  <br>

Unless otherwise allowed (see [[#5.4|5.4]] and [[#6.17|6.17]]), the heating fuel oils shall consist of conventional hydrocarbons (i.e. petroleum-derived from natural gas liquid condensates, crude oil, heavy oil, shale oil and oil sands), synthetic hydrocarbons (see [[#9.13|9.13]]) or mixtures of conventional and synthetic hydrocarbons and may include naturally occurring non-hydrocarbons.  <br>

<h5>'''5.2'''</h5> The heating fuel oils may contain additives designed to improve the characteristics or performance of the fuel oil. Additives include those that enhance low-temperature flow properties, storage life, static charge dissipation, water haze dissipation, lubricity and inhibit corrosion.<br>

<h5>'''5.2'''</h5> The heating fuel oils may contain additives designed to improve the characteristics or performance of the fuel oil. Additives include those that enhance low-temperature flow properties, storage life, static charge dissipation, water haze dissipation, lubricity and inhibit corrosion.<br>

<h5>'''5.3'''</h5> The heating fuel oils shall be a stable homogeneous liquid, free of foreign matter that is likely to clog filters or nozzles, or to damage equipment.<br>

<h5>'''5.3'''</h5> The heating fuel oils shall be a stable homogeneous liquid, free of foreign matter that is likely to clog filters or nozzles, or to damage equipment.<br>

<h5> 6.1 Specified limiting values </h5>

<h5> 6.1 Specified limiting values </h5>

'''6.1.1''' The heating fuel oil shall comply with the specified limiting values. The specified limiting values shall not be changed. This precludes any allowances for the test method precision and for adding or subtracting digits.<br>

'''6.1.1''' The heating fuel oil shall comply with the specified limiting values. The specified limiting values shall not be changed. This precludes any allowances for the test method precision and for adding or subtracting digits.<br>

'''6.1.2''' For purposes of determining conformance with the specified limiting values, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specified limiting value, in accordance with the rounding-off method of [https://www.astm.org/Standards/E29.htm ASTM E29]. There are two exceptions (see [[6.3]] and 6.17).<br>

'''6.1.2''' For purposes of determining conformance with the specified limiting values, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specified limiting value, in accordance with the rounding-off method of [https://www.astm.org/Standards/E29.htm ASTM E29]. There are two exceptions (see [[#6.3|6.3]] and [[#6.17|6.17]]).<br>

'''6.1.3''' If an alternate test method referenced in this standard provides a bias correction to the referee method, adherence to the specified limiting value shall be based on the bias-corrected result.<br>

'''6.1.3''' If an alternate test method referenced in this standard provides a bias correction to the referee method, adherence to the specified limiting value shall be based on the bias-corrected result.<br>

'''6.1.4''' Where test values differ between two parties, a resolution shall be in accordance with [https://www.astm.org/Standards/D3244.htm ASTM 3244] in order to determine conformance with the specified limiting values, with the criticality of the limits set at P = 0.5.<br>

'''6.1.4''' Where test values differ between two parties, a resolution shall be in accordance with [https://www.astm.org/Standards/D3244.htm ASTM 3244] in order to determine conformance with the specified limiting values, with the criticality of the limits set at P = ''0.5''.<br>

'''6.1.5''' Zeroes trailing the last nonzero digit for numbers represented with a decimal point are significant digits, in accordance with [https://www.astm.org/Standards/E29.htm ASTM E29].

'''6.1.5''' Zeroes trailing the last nonzero digit for numbers represented with a decimal point are significant digits, in accordance with [https://www.astm.org/Standards/E29.htm ASTM E29].

<h5> 6.2 Test methods </h5>

<h5> 6.2 Test methods </h5>

Synthetic hydrocarbons include hydrocarbons derived from non-petroleum sources such as biomass, natural gas, coal, fats and oils by processes such as gasification, reforming, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, hydroprocessing or hydrocracking (including co-processing with petroleum). Other terms used to refer to synthetic middle-distillate hydrocarbons include: biomass-to-liquid (BTL) diesel, gas-to-liquid (GTL) diesel, coal-to-liquid (CTL) diesel, hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD), hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), renewable hydrocarbon diesel (RHD) and synthesized paraffinic diesel (SPD). As with petroleum hydrocarbons, fuel suppliers should consider potential impacts of significant and abrupt changes in blend properties (e.g., density, aromatic content) associated with the use of synthetic hydrocarbons.

Synthetic hydrocarbons include hydrocarbons derived from non-petroleum sources such as biomass, natural gas, coal, fats and oils by processes such as gasification, reforming, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, hydroprocessing or hydrocracking (including co-processing with petroleum). Other terms used to refer to synthetic middle-distillate hydrocarbons include: biomass-to-liquid (BTL) diesel, gas-to-liquid (GTL) diesel, coal-to-liquid (CTL) diesel, hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD), hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), renewable hydrocarbon diesel (RHD) and synthesized paraffinic diesel (SPD). As with petroleum hydrocarbons, fuel suppliers should consider potential impacts of significant and abrupt changes in blend properties (e.g., density, aromatic content) associated with the use of synthetic hydrocarbons.

'''9.13      Fuel lubricity'''

'''9.13 Fuel lubricity'''

Some processes that are used to desulphurize heating fuel oil, if severe enough, can also reduce its natural lubricating qualities. Since fuel pumps on furnaces require the fuel to act as a lubricant, heating fuel oils require sufficient lubricity to give adequate protection against excessive fuel pump wear. Additives can be used to improve fuel lubricity. Lubricity additives can have unwanted side effects particularly when used at excessive concentrations or in combination with other additives or contaminants. Adding over 1% by volume of biodiesel generally results in acceptable lubricity.

Some processes that are used to desulphurize heating fuel oil, if severe enough, can also reduce its natural lubricating qualities. Since fuel pumps on furnaces require the fuel to act as a lubricant, heating fuel oils require sufficient lubricity to give adequate protection against excessive fuel pump wear. Additives can be used to improve fuel lubricity. Lubricity additives can have unwanted side effects particularly when used at excessive concentrations or in combination with other additives or contaminants. Adding over 1% by volume of biodiesel generally results in acceptable lubricity.

E29 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications.  <br>

E29 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications.  <br>

 

<h2>'''Annex B'''</h2> '''Federal, provincial and other regulations applicable to heating oil (informative)'''

 

<h2>'''Annex B'''</h2> (informative) Federal, provincial and other regulations applicable to heating oil'''

<h3> B.1 Federal regulations </h3>   

<h3> B.1 Federal regulations </h3>   

B1.1 Canadian Environmental Protection Act

B1.1 Canadian Environmental Protection Act