Changes

13,437 bytes added , 09:27, 28 October 2019

no edit summary

Line 1: Line 1:

'''<big> Canadian General Standards Board </big>'''<br>

−

'''<big> CAN/CGSB-3.2-2019 Heating ~~Fuel Oil~~</big>''' DRAFT STAGE 50.00<br>

+

'''<big> <abbr title='National Standard of Canada published by the Canadian General Standards Board'> CAN/CGSB-3.2-2019 Heating fuel oil</big>''' DRAFT STAGE 50.00<br>

−

''Supersedes CAN/~~CSGB~~-3.2-2017''<br>

+

''Supersedes <abbr title='National Standard of Canada published by the Canadian General Standards Board'> CAN/CGSB-3.2-2017''<br>

Cette norme nationale du Canada est disponble en verisons française et anglaise.<br>

Line 9: Line 9:

No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without the prior permission of the publisher. <br>

+

__NOTOC__

−

<h2> Scope </h2>

+

<h2> '''1. Scope''' </h2>

This standard applies to three types of middle distillate fuel oils that are suitable for use in liquid-fuel-burning equipment without preheating (Types 0, 1 and 2), and three types of fuel oils that contain residual fuel components and require preheating (Types 4, 5 and 6). <br>

The heating fuel oils covered by this standard are intended for use in oil burning equipment to generate heat for domestic and industrial purposes.<br>

:Types 0, 1 and 2 fuel oils are primarily for use in domestic oil burning appliances. They may also be used for some industrial purposes.

::a) Type 0 fuel oil is intended for use in fuel domestic oil burning appliances that have outside storage and where ambient temperatures as low as -48°C could be encountered.

−

::b) Type 1 fuel oil is intended primarily for use in sleeve-type and wick-feed burners, excluding space heaters (see [[~~CGSB_ONGC/003_0002_2019_ENG~~#9.1 |9.1]]), and in most vaporizing pot-type burner applications. It is also intended for atomizing burners in which Type 2 fuel oil cannot be used satisfactorily. During periods of lower ambient temperature, Type 1 fuel oil may be used in place of Type 2 to minimize waxing problems.

+

::b) Type 1 fuel oil is intended primarily for use in sleeve-type and wick-feed burners, excluding space heaters (see [[#9.1 Wick-type kerosene heaters|9.1]]), and in most vaporizing pot-type burner applications. It is also intended for atomizing burners in which Type 2 fuel oil cannot be used satisfactorily. During periods of lower ambient temperature, Type 1 fuel oil may be used in place of Type 2 to minimize waxing problems.

−

::c) Type 2 fuel oil is a heavier distillate than Type 1 and is intended for use in most atomizing-type burner applications. This type of fuel oil is used in most domestic oil burning appliances and in some medium capacity commercial and industrial burners. Type 2 may contain up to 5% biodiesel (See [[~~CGSB_ONGC/003_0002_2019_ENG~~#Annex C|Annex C]] ).

+

::c) Type 2 fuel oil is a heavier distillate than Type 1 and is intended for use in most atomizing-type burner applications. This type of fuel oil is used in most domestic oil burning appliances and in some medium capacity commercial and industrial burners. Type 2 may contain up to 5% biodiesel (See [[#Annex C (Informative) Significance of requirements for Type 2 fuel oil containing 1 to 5% biodiesel|Annex C]]).

−

:Types 4, 5 and 6 fuel oils are primarily for use as industrial fuels: suitable for use in the pulp and paper industry, metallurgical operations, heat or power generation, etc.<br>a) Type 4 is an industrial fuel oil intended primarily for burner installations equipped with limited preheating facilities or with no preheating.

+

:Types 4, 5 and 6 fuel oils are primarily for use as industrial fuels: suitable for use in the pulp and paper industry, metallurgical operations, heat or power generation, etc.<br>

+

::a) Type 4 is an industrial fuel oil intended primarily for burner installations equipped with limited preheating facilities or with no preheating.

::b) Type 5 is a residual fuel oil for burner installations equipped with limited preheating facilities that require a fuel oil of lower viscosity than Type 6.

−

::c) Type 6 is a high-viscosity residual fuel oil for use in burners equipped with preheating facilities to handle such fuels.~~<br><br>~~ See[[~~CGSB_ONGC/003_0002_2019_ENG~~#Annex B|Annex B]] for regulations that apply to heating fuel oil

+

::c) Type 6 is a high-viscosity residual fuel oil for use in burners equipped with preheating facilities to handle such fuels.

−

:The testing and evaluation of a product against this standard may require the use of materials and/or equipment that could be hazardous. This document does not purport to address all the safety aspects associated with its use. Anyone using this standard has the responsibility to consult the appropriate authorities and to establish appropriate health and safety practices in conjunction with any applicable regulatory requirements prior to its use.<br><br>

+

See [[#Annex B Federal, provincial and other regulations applicable to heating oil|Annex B]] for regulations that apply to heating fuel oil

−

<h2> Normative references</h2>

+

The testing and evaluation of a product against this standard may require the use of materials and/or equipment that could be hazardous. This document does not purport to address all the safety aspects associated with its use. Anyone using this standard has the responsibility to consult the appropriate authorities and to establish appropriate health and safety practices in conjunction with any applicable regulatory requirements prior to its use.<br>

+

Units of measurement – Quantities and dimensions used in this standard are given in metric units, mainly SI units.<br>

+

<h2> '''2. Normative references'''</h2>

The following normative documents contain provisions that, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this National Standard of Canada. The referenced documents may be obtained from the sources noted below.<br>

−

:NOTE: The addresses provided below were valid at the date of publication of this standard.

An undated reference is to the latest edition or revision of the reference or document in question, unless otherwise specified by the authority applying this standard. A dated reference is to the specified revision or edition of the reference or document in question. <br>

−

See [[~~CGSB_ONGC/003_0002_2019_ENG~~#Annex B|Annex B]] for regulations that apply to heating fuel oil.<br>

+

See [[#Annex B Federal, provincial and other regulations applicable to heating oil|Annex B]] for regulations that apply to heating fuel oil.<br>

−

<h3>Canadian General Standards Board <abbr title=""> CGSB </abbr></h3>

+

<h5>2.1 Canadian General Standards Board <abbr title=""> (CGSB) </abbr></h5>

:CAN/CGSB-3.0 – ''Methods of testing petroleum and associated products''<br>

−

:: No. 28.8 – ''Visual haze rating of liquid fuels''<br>CAN/CGSB-3.524 — ''Biodiesel (B100) for blending in middle distillate fuel''.<br>

+

:: [http://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/ongc-cgsb/P29-3-0-28-8-2015-eng.pdf No. 28.8 – ''Visual haze rating of liquid fuels''] <br>

−

'''2.1.1 Source''' The above may be obtained from the Canadian General Standards Board, Sales Centre, Gatineau, Canada K1A 1G6. Telephone 819-956-0425 or 1-800-665-2472. Fax 819-956-5740. E-mail ncr.cgsb-ongc@tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca. Web site http://www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca/ongc-cgsb/index-eng.html.<br>

+

<br>:[http://www.publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.838093/publication.html CAN/CGSB-3.524 — ''Biodiesel (B100) for blending in middle distillate fuel'']<br>

+

'''2.1.1 Source''' The above may be obtained from the Canadian General Standards Board, Sales Centre, Gatineau, Canada K1A 1G6. Telephone 819-956-0425 or 1-800-665-2472. Fax 819-956-5740. E-mail ncr.cgsb-ongc@tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca. Web site [http://www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca/ongc-cgsb/index-eng.html| ''http://www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca/ongc-cgsb/index-eng.html''].<br>

It may also be obtained from the Government of Canada Publications, Publishing and Depository Services, Public Services and Procurement Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0S5. Telephone: 1-800-635-7943 or 613-941-5995. Fax 1-800-565-7757 or 613-954-5779. Email publications@tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca. Website: http://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/home.html.

−

<h3>Canadian Fuels Association</h3>

+

<h5>2.2 Canadian Fuels Association</h5>

Weather Data.<br>

'''2.2.1 Source''' Web site: http://www.canadianfuels.ca/Fuels-and-Transportation/Conventional-Transportation-Fuels/.

−

<h3><abbr title=""></abbr>~~ASTM International</h3>~~

+

<h5>2.3 ASTM International</h5><abbr title=""></abbr>Annual Book of ASTM Standards (see [[CGSB_ONGC/003_0002_2019_ENG#Annex A|Annex A]] ).<br>

−

Annual Book of ASTM Standards (see [[CGSB_ONGC/003_0002_2019_ENG#Annex A|Annex A]] ).<br>

'''2.3.1 Source ''' The above may be obtained from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, U.S.A., telephone 610-832-9585, fax 610-832-9555, Web site www.astm.org, or from IHS Markit, 200-1331 MacLeod Trail SE, Calgary, Alberta T2G 0K3, telephone 613-237‑4250 or 1‑800‑267‑8220, fax 613-237‑4251, Web site hhtp://www.global.ihs.com.<br>

−

<h2> Terms and definitions </h2>

+

<h2> '''3. Terms and definitions''' </h2>

For the purposes of this National Standard of Canada, the following terms and definitions apply.<br>

'''3.1'''<br>

Line 55: Line 58:

'''3.3'''<br>

'''operability temperature (''température de service'')'''<br>

−

lowest temperature at which the fuel oil is designed to provide satisfactory performance under the conditions of storage and use (see 6.23, 6.24 and 9.2).

+

lowest temperature at which the fuel oil is designed to provide satisfactory performance under the conditions of storage and use (see [[#6.23|6.23]], [[#6.24 |6.24]] and [[#9.2 |9.2]]).

'''3.4'''<br>

Line 63: Line 66:

'''3.5'''<br>

'''2.5 percentile low-end design temperature''' <br>

−

emperature at or below which 2.5% of the hourly outside air temperatures are observed to occur for an indicated half month. The 2.5% low-end design temperature for most weather stations in Canada by half month period is available on the Canadian Fuels Association Web site ([[~~see~~ 2.2]]). This dataset is based upon a statistical analysis of hourly weather readings from weather stations across Canada over the thirty year period from 1981 to 2010 inclusive.

+

emperature at or below which 2.5% of the hourly outside air temperatures are observed to occur for an indicated half month. The 2.5% low-end design temperature for most weather stations in Canada by half month period is available on the Canadian Fuels Association Web site ([[#2.2|2.2]]). This dataset is based upon a statistical analysis of hourly weather readings from weather stations across Canada over the thirty year period from 1981 to 2010 inclusive.

−

<h2> Classification </h2>

+

<h2> '''4. Classification''' </h2>

−

'''4.1 '''

+

'''4.1'''

Heating fuel oils shall be supplied in the following types, as specified (see 8.1):

−

4.1.1 Types

+

4.1.1 Types: Type 0, Type 1, Type 2, Type 4, Type 5, Type 6

−

:Type 0, Type 1, Type 2, Type 4, Type 5, Type 6

−

<h2> General requirements </h2>

+

<h2> '''5. General requirements''' </h2>

−

'''5.1''' Unless otherwise allowed (see 5.4 and 6.17), the heating fuel oils shall consist of conventional hydrocarbons (i.e. petroleum-derived from natural gas liquid condensates, crude oil, heavy oil, shale oil and oil sands), synthetic hydrocarbons (see 9.13) or mixtures of conventional and synthetic hydrocarbons and may include naturally occurring non-hydrocarbons. <br>

+

'''5.1'''

+

Unless otherwise allowed (see [[#5.4|5.4]] and [[#6.17|6.17]]), the heating fuel oils shall consist of conventional hydrocarbons (i.e. petroleum-derived from natural gas liquid condensates, crude oil, heavy oil, shale oil and oil sands), synthetic hydrocarbons (see [[#9.13|9.13]]) or mixtures of conventional and synthetic hydrocarbons and may include naturally occurring non-hydrocarbons. <br>

'''5.2''' The heating fuel oils may contain additives designed to improve the characteristics or performance of the fuel oil. Additives include those that enhance low-temperature flow properties, storage life, static charge dissipation, water haze dissipation, lubricity and inhibit corrosion.<br>

−

'''5.3''' The heating fuel oils shall be a stable homogeneous liquid, free of foreign matter that is likely to clog filters or nozzles, or to damage equipment.<br>

+

'''5.3'''> The heating fuel oils shall be a stable homogeneous liquid, free of foreign matter that is likely to clog filters or nozzles, or to damage equipment.<br>

−

'''5.4''' In Types 0, 1 and 2 fuel oils, there shall be no intentional addition of used lubricating oils, used solvents, triglycerides (such as raw vegetable oils, animal fats, fish oils or used cooking oils), or other fluids which are not normal components of the fuel. Types 4, 5 and 6 fuel oils may contain used lubricating oils or other fluids provided that the fuel oil is used in specifically designed equipment and the relevant authority approves their use.<br>

+

'''5.4'''> In Types 0, 1 and 2 fuel oils, there shall be no intentional addition of used lubricating oils, used solvents, triglycerides (such as raw vegetable oils, animal fats, fish oils or used cooking oils), or other fluids which are not normal components of the fuel. Types 4, 5 and 6 fuel oils may contain used lubricating oils or other fluids provided that the fuel oil is used in specifically designed equipment and the relevant authority approves their use.<br>

'''5.5''' The heating fuel oils shall remain undyed except when it is required for taxation purposes by provincial or territorial regulation.

−

<h2> Detailed requirements </h2>

+

<h2> '''6. Detailed requirements''' </h2>

−

<h3> Specified limiting values </h3>

+

<h5> 6.1 Specified limiting values </h5>

'''6.1.1''' The heating fuel oil shall comply with the specified limiting values. The specified limiting values shall not be changed. This precludes any allowances for the test method precision and for adding or subtracting digits.<br>

−

'''6.1.2''' For purposes of determining conformance with the specified limiting values, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specified limiting value, in accordance with the rounding-off method of [https://www.astm.org/Standards/E29.htm ASTM E29]. There are two exceptions (see 6.3 and 6.17).<br>

+

'''6.1.2''' For purposes of determining conformance with the specified limiting values, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specified limiting value, in accordance with the rounding-off method of [https://www.astm.org/Standards/E29.htm ASTM E29]. There are two exceptions (see [[#6.3|6.3]] and [[#6.17|6.17]]).<br>

'''6.1.3''' If an alternate test method referenced in this standard provides a bias correction to the referee method, adherence to the specified limiting value shall be based on the bias-corrected result.<br>

−

'''6.1.4''' Where test values differ between two parties, a resolution shall be in accordance with [https://www.astm.org/Standards/D3244.htm ASTM 3244] in order to determine conformance with the specified limiting values, with the criticality of the limits set at P = 0.5.<br>

+

'''6.1.4''' Where test values differ between two parties, a resolution shall be in accordance with [https://www.astm.org/Standards/D3244.htm ASTM 3244] in order to determine conformance with the specified limiting values, with the criticality of the limits set at P = ''0.5''.<br>

'''6.1.5''' Zeroes trailing the last nonzero digit for numbers represented with a decimal point are significant digits, in accordance with [https://www.astm.org/Standards/E29.htm ASTM E29].

−

<h3> Test methods </h3>

+

<h5> 6.2 Test methods </h5>

'''6.2.1''' Test methods other than those referenced in this standard may be used only if they have been validated in accordance with ASTM D3764 or D6708.<br>

'''6.2.2''' Validated test methods shall correlate with methods referenced in the standard. Differences in precision, sensitivity and bias between methods referenced in the standard and the validated methods shall be noted when using results from validated methods.<br>

Line 95: Line 98:

{| class="wikitable"

|-

−

! Specified limiting values

+

! colspan="10" | Table of Specified limiting values

|-

! # !! Property !! Limit !! Type 0 !! Type 1 !! Type 2 !! Type 4 !! Type 5 !! Type 6 !! Test Method (ASTM)

|-

−

| '''6.3''' || Flash point, °C (see 6.19) || Min. || 40.0 || 40.0 || 40.0 || 54.0 || 54.0 || 60.0 || D93<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, D3828<ref name="b">The results obtained by ASTM D3828 can be more than 2°C lower than those obtained by ASTM D93, the referee method.</ref>, D7049

+

| <h5>'''6.3'''</h5> || Flash point, °C (see 6.19) || Min. || 40.0 || 40.0 || 40.0 || 54.0 || 54.0 || 60.0 || D93<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, D3828<ref name="b">The results obtained by ASTM D3828 can be more than 2°C lower than those obtained by ASTM D93, the referee method.</ref>, D7049

|-

−

| '''6.4''' <abbr title="Minimum"> Min. </abbr> || Kinematic viscosity, at 40°C, mm<sup>2</sup>/s (cSt)<ref name="c">The SI unit for kinematic viscosity is the square metre per second. The preferred multiple for fluids in this viscosity range is the square millimetre per second, which is equivalent to a centiStokes (i.e. 1 mm<sup>2</sup>/s = 1 cSt).</ref> (see 6.25) || Min. || 1.20 || 1.30 || 1.70 || 5.5 || ― || ― ||D445<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, D7042 or D7945

+

| <h5>'''6.4'''</h5> <abbr title="Minimum"> Min. </abbr> || Kinematic viscosity, at 40°C, mm<sup>2</sup>/s (cSt)<ref name="c">The SI unit for kinematic viscosity is the square metre per second. The preferred multiple for fluids in this viscosity range is the square millimetre per second, which is equivalent to a centiStokes (i.e. 1 mm<sup>2</sup>/s = 1 cSt).</ref> (see 6.25) || Min. || 1.20 || 1.30 || 1.70 || 5.5 || ― || ― ||D445<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, D7042 or D7945

|-

−

| '''6.4''' Max. || Kinematic viscosity, at 40°C, mm<sup>2</sup>/s (cSt)(see 6.25) || Max. || 2.00 || 2.50 || 3.60 || 24.0 || ― || ―

+

| <h5>'''6.4'''</h5> <abbr title="Maximum"> Max. </abbr> || Kinematic viscosity, at 40°C, mm<sup>2</sup>/s (cSt)(see 6.25) || Max. || 2.00 || 2.50 || 3.60 || 24.0 || ― || ― || ―

|-

−

| '''6.5''' Min. || Kinematic viscosity, at 50°C, mm<sup>2</sup>/s (cSt) || Min. || ― || ― || ― || ― || 15 || 100. || D445<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref> or D7042

+

| <h5>'''6.5'''</h5> <abbr title="Minimum"> Min. </abbr> || Kinematic viscosity, at 50°C, mm<sup>2</sup>/s (cSt) || Min. || ― || ― || ― || ― || 15 || 100. || D445<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref> or D7042

|-

−

| '''6.5''' Max. ||Kinematic viscosity, at 50°C, mm<sup>2</sup>/s (cSt) || Max. || ― || ― || ― || ― || 100. || 650. ||

+

| <h5>'''6.5'''</h5> <abbr title="Maximum"> Max. </abbr> ||Kinematic viscosity, at 50°C, mm<sup>2</sup>/s (cSt) || Max. || ― || ― || ― || ― || 100. || 650. ||

|-

−

| '''6.6''' || Distillation (see 6.20) || || || || || || || || D86<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, D2887, or D7345

+

| <h5>'''6.6'''</h5> || Distillation (see 6.20) || || || || || || || || D86<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, D2887, or D7345

|-

| 6.6 a || 10% recovered, °C || Max. || ― || 215 || ― || ― || ― || ― ||

Line 117: Line 120:

| 6.6 c || end point, °C || Max. || 300. || ― || ― || ― || ― || ― ||

|-

−

| '''6.7''' || Water and sediment, % by volume (see 6.21) || || || || || || || || See below

+

| <h5>'''6.7'''</h5>|| Water and sediment, % by volume (see 6.21) || || || || || || || || See below

|-

| 6.7 a ||Types 0, 1, and 2

Line 124: Line 127:

| 6.7 b ||Types 4, 5 & 6|| Max. || ― || ― || ― || 0.50 || 1.00|| 1.00 || D95<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, and D473

|-

−

| '''6.8''' || Sulphur, % by mass (see 6.22 and 8.2) || Max. || 0.30 || 0.30 || 0.50 || ― || ― || ― || D1266, D1552, D2622, D4294, D5453<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, or D7039

+

| <h5>'''6.8'''</h5>|| Sulphur, % by mass (see 6.22 and 8.2) || Max. || 0.30 || 0.30 || 0.50 || ― || ― || ― || D1266, D1552, D2622, D4294, D5453<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, or D7039

|-

−

| '''6.9''' || Copper strip corrosion, 3 h at minimum test temperature of 50°C h (see 9.4) || Max. || No. 1 || No. 1 || No.1 || ― || ― || ― || D130

+

| <h5>'''6.9'''</h5>|| Copper strip corrosion, 3 h at minimum test temperature of 50°C h (see 9.4) || Max. || No. 1 || No. 1 || No.1 || ― || ― || ― || D130

|-

−

| '''6.10''' || Carbon residue on 10% bottoms, % by mass || Max. || 0.1 || 0.1 || 0.3 || ― || ― || ― || D524 or D4530<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>,

+

| <h5>'''6.10'''</h5>|| Carbon residue on 10% bottoms, % by mass || Max. || 0.1 || 0.1 || 0.3 || ― || ― || ― || D524 or D4530<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>,

|-

−

| '''6.11''' || Ash, % by mass || Max. || 0.010 || 0.010 || 0.010 || 0.10 || 0.10 || 0.20 || D482

+

| <h5>'''6.11'''</h5>|| Ash, % by mass || Max. || 0.010 || 0.010 || 0.010 || 0.10 || 0.10 || 0.20 || D482

|-

−

| '''6.12''' || Electrical conductivity, at point, time, and temperature of delivery to purchaser, pS/m (see 9.5) || Min. || 25 || 25 || 25 || ― || ― || ― || D2624

+

| <h5>'''6.12'''</h5>|| Electrical conductivity, at point, time, and temperature of delivery to purchaser, pS/m (see 9.5) || Min. || 25 || 25 || 25 || ― || ― || ― || D2624

|-

−

| '''6.13''' || Density, at 15°C, kg/m3 (kg/L ) || Max. || 840. (0.840) || 850. (0.850)|| 900. (0.900)|| ― || ― || ― || D1298, D4052<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, D7042

+

| <h5>'''6.13'''</h5>|| Density, at 15°C, kg/m3 (kg/L ) || Max. || 840. (0.840) || 850. (0.850)|| 900. (0.900)|| ― || ― || ― || D1298, D4052<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, D7042

|-

−

| '''6.14''' || Total sediment, % by mass || Max. || ― || ― || ― || 0.10 || 0.15 || 0.20 || D4870

+

| <h5>'''6.14'''</h5>|| Total sediment, % by mass || Max. || ― || ― || ― || 0.10 || 0.15 || 0.20 || D4870

|-

−

| '''6.15''' || Pour point, °C (see 6.23, 8.1 and 9.2) ||||||||||||||||See below

+

| <h5>'''6.15'''</h5>|| Pour point, °C (see 6.23, 8.1 and 9.2) ||||||||||||||||See below

|-

|6.15 a

Line 162: Line 165:

|D97

|-

−

| '''6.16''' || Cloud point, °C (see 6.24 and 8.1) || Max. || -48 || Report || Report || ― || ― || ― || D2500 and D5773<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>

+

| <h5>'''6.16'''</h5> || Cloud point, °C (see 6.24 and 8.1) || Max. || -48 || Report || Report || ― || ― || ― || D2500 and D5773<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>

|-

−

| '''6.17''' Min. || Biodiesel, % by volume see 6.25 and Annex C) || Min. || ― || ― || ― || ― || ― || ― || D7371<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, or D7806

+

| <h5>'''6.17'''</h5> <abbr title="Minimum"> Min. || Biodiesel, % by volume see 6.25 and Annex C) || Min. || ― || ― || ― || ― || ― || ― || D7371<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, or D7806

|-

−

| '''6.17''' Max. || Biodiesel, % by volume see 6.25 and Annex C) || Max. || 0 || 0 || 5 || ― || ― || ― || D7371<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, or D7806

+

| <h5>'''6.17'''</h5> <abbr title="Maximum"> Max. || Biodiesel, % by volume see 6.25 and Annex C) || Max. || 0 || 0 || 5 || ― || ― || ― || D7371<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, or D7806

|-

−

| '''6.18''' || Lubricity, micrometers, µm (see 9.13)|| Max. || 520. || 520. || 520. || ― || ― || ― || D6079<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, or D7688

+

| <h5>'''6.18'''</h5> || Lubricity, micrometers, µm (see 9.13)|| Max. || 520. || 520. || 520. || ― || ― || ― || D6079<ref name="a">The referee method to be used in the event of a dispute.</ref>, or D7688

|}<references />

−

'''6.19''' '''Flash point''' The test values shall be reported to the nearest 0.5°C in accordance with ASTM D93, D3828 or D7094 (see 6.3 and table footnote b).

+

<h5>'''6.19'''</h5> '''Flash point''' The test values shall be reported to the nearest 0.5°C in accordance with ASTM D93, D3828 or D7094 (see 6.3 and table footnote b).

+

<h5>'''6.20'''</h5> '''Distillation''' When testing in accordance with ASTM D2887, use the method in the appendix to convert the results to estimates of ASTM D86. In the event of a dispute, the automated method of ASTM D86 shall be the referee test method.

+

<h5>'''6.21'''</h5> '''Water and sediment''' The test in ASTM D1796 shall be modified by substituting the centrifuge tube specified in ASTM D2273 for that in ASTM D1796. For Types 4, 5 and 6, ASTM D95 determines water by distillation and ASTM D473 determines sediment by extraction.

+

<h5>'''6.22'''</h5> '''Sulphur''' Sulphur content is established by government regulations in effect where the fuel oil is to be used, or by contractual agreement.

+

<h5>'''6.23'''</h5> '''Pour point''' Pour point, except for Type 0, may be specified as required for the conditions of storage and use or as agreed by contract. Pour-depressed and flow-improved fuel oil that is designed to provide satisfactory performance under the conditions of storage and use may also be used.

+

<h5>'''6.24'''</h5> '''Cloud point''' Cloud point for Types 1 and 2 may be specified as required by the conditions of storage and use or as agreed by contract.

+

<h5>'''6.25'''</h5> '''Biodiesel''' The biodiesel component shall comply with CAN/CGSB-3.524. Metered or measured volumes of added biodiesel shall be the primary measurement of biodiesel concentration. If an analytical test method has to be used for biodiesel concentration then use ASTM D7371 or D7806.

+

== '''7. Detailed requirements''' ==

+

<h5>'''7.1 Sampling'''</h5>

+

'''7.1.1''' Sampling equipment and procedures shall be designed and used to obtain representative samples of a product. Sampling lines and hoses should be adequately flushed prior to taking a sample. Samples should be stored in a cool, dark place. Procedures shall be in accordance with [https://www.astm.org/Standards/D4057.htm D4057], [https://www.astm.org/Standards/D4177.htm D4177], or [https://www.astm.org/Standards/D5854.htm D5854].

+

'''7.1.2''' Sample volume should be consistent with the requirement of the testing laboratory or the authority having jurisdiction or both. Unless otherwise specified (see [[#8.2|8.2]], or if the amount required is not known, a sample of at least 2.7 L shall be collected.

−

'''6.20''' '''~~Distillation~~''' ~~When testing~~ in ~~accordance with ASTM D2887, use~~ the ~~method in the appendix to convert the results to estimates~~ of ~~ASTM D86. In the event of a dispute, the automated method of ASTM D86 shall be the referee test method.~~

+

== '''8. Options''' ==

+

'''8.1 '''The following options shall be specified in the application of this standard:

−

~~'''6~~.~~21''' '''Water and sediment''' The test in ASTM D1796 shall be modified by substituting the centrifuge tube specified in ASTM D2273 for that in ASTM D1796~~. ~~For Types 4~~, ~~5 and 6, ASTM D95 determines water by distillation and ASTM D473 determines sediment by extraction.~~

+

a) Type of fuel (see [[#4.1|4.1]]),

−

~~'''~~6.~~22''' '''Sulphur''' Sulphur content is established by government regulations in effect where the fuel oil is to be used, or by contractual agreement~~.

+

b) Pour point or cloud point except for Type 0 (see [[#6.15|6.15]]/[[#6.23|6.23]] and [[#6.16|6.16]]/[[#6.24|6.24]] ).

+

'''8.2''' The following options may be specified if the requirements are more stringent than those stipulated in this standard:

+

a) Sulphur (see [[#6.8|6.8]])

−

<h2>Annex A Referenced ASTM International publications ~~(see 2.3~~)</h2>

+

b) Sample size (see [[CGSB ONGC/003 0002 2019 ENG#7.1 Sampling|7.1.2]]).

+

== '''9. Precautions''' ==

+

<h5>9.1 Wick-type kerosene heaters</h5>

+

Fuel oils meeting the requirements of this standard are not intended for use in wick-type kerosene burning space heaters. When in doubt, consult the equipment operating instructions or the manufacturer of the appliance.

+

<h5>9.2 Pour point</h5>

+

The pour point of the biodiesel fuel blend should be suitable as required for the conditions of storage and use or as agreed by contract. The addition of biodiesel can degrade the low temperature properties of the heating fuel oil. The effectiveness of some fuel additives can be affected when biodiesel is blended into the fuel.

+

<h5>9.3 Storage stability</h5>

+

Furnace burner manufacturers have expressed concerns with the stability of blends of biodiesel and middle distillate fuel. Poor oxidative stability of biodiesel blends can result in sediment formation and lacquering of furnace burner injection equipment. The inclusion of biodiesel in Type 2 heating fuel oil can degrade the storage stability of the finished fuel blend and long term storage (greater than 6 months) is not recommended. The impact of specific storage conditions has not been completely determined. The oxidation stability requirement of the B100 component is specified in [http://www.publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.838093/publication.html CAN/CGSB-3.524].

+

<h5>9.4 Water and copper</h5>

+

Water in storage tanks and copper in the fuel supply system can increase the rate of fuel degradation in long term storage. Heating oil storage tanks should be clean and free of water to help avoid corrosion and microbial contamination (see C.4.3). Incorporating metal deactivator additives into the fuel can help to mitigate the effects of copper contamination.

+

<h5>9.5 Conductivity depletion</h5>

+

Due to the normal depletion of fuel oil conductivity during commingling, storage and distribution, or at low temperatures, the fuel oil should be sufficiently treated with conductivity-improver additive to ensure that the electrical conductivity requirement in 6.12 is met. The temperature at the point of use and the method of distribution could require a substantially higher conductivity level than 25 pS/m at the point of additive treatment. It should be noted that samples in clear bottles exposed to sunlight can also show a rapid depletion in conductivity. For more information, refer to [https://www.astm.org/Standards/D2624.htm D2624] and [https://www.astm.org/Standards/D4865.htm D4865].

+

NOTE Negative interactions can occur between some biodiesels and conductivity additives.

+

<h5>9.6 Fuel colour</h5>

+

Fuels having unusual shades of colour should be investigated to determine fitness for use.

+

'''9.6.1 Existing fuel colour'''

+

Although this standard does not have a colour requirement, colour can be a useful indicator of fuel quality or contamination. Fuel oil can present several different hues or colours depending on feedstock type and/or manufacturing processes.

+

'''9.6.2 Change in fuel colour'''

+

Fuel in long term storage can darken owing to oxidation of trace components. If the darkening is accompanied by the formation of sediment, the fuel could be rendered unacceptable for use.

+

<h5>9.7 Manufacturing processes</h5>

+

Contamination from manufacturing processes or treatments can be carried over in trace quantities into the fuel and cause unexpected problems. Moreover, these contaminants might not be detected by the requirements listed in this standard. It is recommended that adequate quality assurance procedures be put in place to ensure that manufacturing processes capable of such contamination are identified and controlled. Sodium, calcium, chlorides, sulphates, clay, sand, acids, caustics, soaps, and amine process additives are examples of possible contaminations or potential precipitates.

+

<h5>9.8 Visual haze</h5>

+

The solubility of water in fuel is a function of temperature. When fuel is exposed to low ambient temperatures, water can separate causing a haze or cloudy appearance in heating fuel oil Types 0, 1 and 2. It has been a common industry practice to predict the solubility of water in fuel by performing the visual haze test at 4°C for fuel destined for winter use, and at 15°C for fuel intended for summer use. Experience has indicated that fuel passing these requirements has been acceptable in the appropriate season. For further information on the visual haze test, refer to CAN/CGSB-3.0 No. 28.8 or to ASTM D4176 Procedure 2.

+

<h5>9.9 Mercaptan sulphur</h5>

+

The plugging of domestic heating oil burner fuel screen filters or nozzles can be caused by the formation of copper mercaptide gels. Limiting the amount of mercaptan sulphur in heating fuel oil Types 0, 1 and 2 can reduce this problem. Eliminating the use of copper and copper alloys in heating fuel systems as well as the use of metal deactivator additives can also mitigate this problem.

+

<h5>9.10 Hydrogen sulphide</h5>

+

Hydrogen sulphide (H<sub>2</sub>S) is often found in the vapour phase above Types 4, 5 and 6 fuel oils and occasionally in more limited concentration in the vapour phase above Types 0, 1 and 2 fuel oils. H<sub>2</sub>S is toxic at low concentrations in air. Additives are available that can react with H<sub>2</sub>S in the liquid phase and reduce the concentration of H<sub>2</sub>S both in the fuel and in the vapour phase. Some sulphur compounds present in Types 4, 5 and 6 can, over time, react to form additional H<sub>2</sub>S and this should be considered in determining the additive treat rate.

+

<h5>9.11 Fuel flammability</h5>

+

A number of properties should be considered in assessing the overall flammability hazard of a fuel. Flash point is the minimum fuel temperature at which a mixture of air and fuel vapour can form and be ignited by a spark or flame under specified laboratory conditions. However, the flash point is only an indication of the potential flammability risk of a fuel. Oxygen concentration in the atmosphere is an additional factor affecting flammability. Investigation of fuel-related fires in marine vessel engine rooms and underground mining applications has shown that these fires are generally initiated through direct contact of a fuel spray or spill with hot surfaces having a temperature exceeding the auto-ignition temperature of the fuel. The flash point of the fuel has little bearing on the probability of such fires occurring. Similarly, fires in fuel tanks are typically initiated as a result of hot work (e.g., welding) on the exterior surface of the tank causing fuel adhering to the interior tank wall surface to evaporate and spontaneously ignite after having exceeded its auto-ignition temperature.

+

<h5>9.12 Synthetic hydrocarbons</h5>

+

Synthetic hydrocarbons include hydrocarbons derived from non-petroleum sources such as biomass, natural gas, coal, fats and oils by processes such as gasification, reforming, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, hydroprocessing or hydrocracking (including co-processing with petroleum). Other terms used to refer to synthetic middle-distillate hydrocarbons include: biomass-to-liquid (BTL) diesel, gas-to-liquid (GTL) diesel, coal-to-liquid (CTL) diesel, hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD), hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), renewable hydrocarbon diesel (RHD) and synthesized paraffinic diesel (SPD). As with petroleum hydrocarbons, fuel suppliers should consider potential impacts of significant and abrupt changes in blend properties (e.g., density, aromatic content) associated with the use of synthetic hydrocarbons.

+

<h5>9.13 Fuel lubricity</h5>

+

Some processes that are used to desulphurize heating fuel oil, if severe enough, can also reduce its natural lubricating qualities. Since fuel pumps on furnaces require the fuel to act as a lubricant, heating fuel oils require sufficient lubricity to give adequate protection against excessive fuel pump wear. Additives can be used to improve fuel lubricity. Lubricity additives can have unwanted side effects particularly when used at excessive concentrations or in combination with other additives or contaminants. Adding over 1% by volume of biodiesel generally results in acceptable lubricity.

+

<h2>'''Annex A Referenced ASTM International publications)'''</h2>

'''normative'''<br>

−

'''Annual Book of ASTM Standards'''<br>

+

'''Annual Book of ASTM Standards''' see 2.3 <br>

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure]<br>

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D93.htm D93 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester]<br>

−

D95 Standard Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D95.htm D95 Standard Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation]<br>

−

D97 Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D97.htm D97 Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products]<br>

−

D130 Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D130.htm D130 Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test]]<br>

−

D445 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D445.htm D445 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)]<br>

−

D473 Standard Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oils and Fuel Oils by the Extraction Method<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D473.htm D473 Standard Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oils and Fuel Oils by the Extraction Method]<br>

−

D482 Standard Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D482.htm D482 Standard Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products]<br>

−

D524 Standard Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D524.htm D524 Standard Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products]<br>

−

D1266 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp Method)<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D1266.htm D1266 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp Method)]<br>

−

D1298 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D1298.htm D1298 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method]<br>

−

D1552 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by High Temperature Combustion and Infrared (IR) Detection or Thermal Conductivity Detection (TCD)<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D1552.htm D1552 D1552 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by High Temperature Combustion and Infrared (IR) Detection or Thermal Conductivity Detection (TCD)]<br>

−

D1796 Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D1796.htm D796 Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)]<br>

−

D2273 Standard Test Method for Trace Sediment in Lubricating Oils<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D2273.htm D2273 Standard Test Method for Trace Sediment in Lubricating Oils]<br>

−

D2500 Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D2500.htm D2500 Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels]<br>

−

D2622 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D2622.htm D2622 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry]<br>

−

D2624 Standard Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity of Aviation and Distillate Fuels<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D2624.htm D2624 Standard Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity of Aviation and Distillate Fuels]<br>

−

D2709 Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle Distillate Fuels by Centrifuge<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D2709.htm D2709 Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle Distillate Fuels by Centrifuge]<br>

−

D2887 Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D2887.htm D2887 Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography]<br>

−

D3244 Standard Practice for Utilization of Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D3244.htm D3244 Standard Practice for Utilization of Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications]<br>

−

D3764 Standard Practice for Validation of the Performance of Process Stream Analyzer Systems<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D3764.htm D3764 Standard Practice for Validation of the Performance of Process Stream Analyzer Systems]<br>

−

D3828 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup Tester<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D3828.htm D3828 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup Tester]<br>

−

D4052 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D4052.htm D4052 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter]<br>

−

D4057 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D4057 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products<br>]

−

D4177 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D4177 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products]<br>

−

D4294 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D4294 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry]<br>

−

D4530 Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue (Micro Method)<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D4530 Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue (Micro Method)]<br>

−

D4865 Standard Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static Electricity in Petroleum Fuel Systems<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D4865 Standard Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static Electricity in Petroleum Fuel Systems]<br>

−

D4870 Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sediment in Residual Fuels<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D4870 Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sediment in Residual Fuels]<br>

−

D5453 Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D5453 Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence]<br>

−

D5773 Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels (Constant Cooling Rate Method)<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D5773 Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels (Constant Cooling Rate Method)]<br>

−

D5854 Standard Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D5854 Standard Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products]<br>

−

D5949 Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Pressure Pulsing Method)<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D5949 Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Pressure Pulsing Method)]<br>

−

D6079 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR)<br>

+

D6079 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR)]<br>

−

D6469 Standard Guide for Microbial Contamination in Fuels and Fuel Systems<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D6469 Standard Guide for Microbial Contamination in Fuels and Fuel Systems]<br>

−

D6708 Standard Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D6708 Standard Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material]<br>

−

D7039 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Gasoline, Diesel Fuel, Jet Fuel, Kerosine, Biodiesel, Biodiesel Blends, and Gasoline-Ethanol Blends by Monochromatic Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D7039 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Gasoline, Diesel Fuel, Jet Fuel, Kerosine, Biodiesel, Biodiesel Blends, and Gasoline-Ethanol Blends by Monochromatic Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry]<br>

−

D7042 Standard Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinetic Viscosity)<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D7042 Standard Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinetic Viscosity)]<br>

−

D7094 Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Modified Continuously Closed Cup (MCCCFP) Tester<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D7094 Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Modified Continuously Closed Cup (MCCCFP) Tester]<br>

−

D7345 Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure (Micro Distillation Method)<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D7345 Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure (Micro Distillation Method)]<br>

−

D7371 Standard Test Method for Determination of Biodiesel (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters) Content in Diesel Fuel Oil Using Mid Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR-PLS Method)<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D7371 Standard Test Method for Determination of Biodiesel (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters) Content in Diesel Fuel Oil Using Mid Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR-PLS Method)]<br>

−

D7688 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR) by Visual Observation<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D7688 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR) by Visual Observation]<br>

−

D7806 Standard Test Method for Determination of the Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) Content of a Blend of Biodiesel and Petroleum-Based Diesel Fuel Oil Using Mid-Infrared

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D7806 Standard Test Method for Determination of the Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) Content of a Blend of Biodiesel and Petroleum-Based Diesel Fuel Oil Using Mid-Infrared

−

Spectroscopy <br>

+

Spectroscopy ]<br>

−

D7945 Standard Test Method for Determination of Dynamic Viscosity and Derived Kinematic Viscosity of Liquids by Constant Pressure Viscometer<br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 D7945 Standard Test Method for Determination of Dynamic Viscosity and Derived Kinematic Viscosity of Liquids by Constant Pressure Viscometer]<br>

−

E29 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications. <br>

+

[https://www.astm.org/Standards/D86.htm D86 E29 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications.]<br>

−

~~<h2>Annex A</h2~~>

−

<h2> Annex B ~~(informative)~~ Federal, provincial and other regulations applicable to heating oil </h2>

+

<h2>'''Annex B Federal, provincial and other regulations applicable to heating oil'''</h2>

+

'''informative'''

<h3> B.1 Federal regulations </h3>

B1.1 Canadian Environmental Protection Act

Line 282: Line 357: −

<h2>Annex C (Informative) Significance of requirements for Type 2 fuel oil containing 1 to 5% biodiesel</h2>

+

<h2>'''Annex C (Informative) Significance of requirements for Type 2 fuel oil containing 1 to 5% biodiesel'''</h2>

<h3> C.1 Introduction </h3>

C.1.1 The properties of commercial Type 2 fuel oil depend on the refining practices employed and the nature of the feedstocks from which they are produced. For example, Type 2 fuel oil produced within the boiling range of 130°- 400°C may have many possible combinations of various properties such as volatility, density and viscosity.

Line 309: Line 384:

C.4.8 Filter plugging problems – A number of contaminants in some biodiesels have relatively low solubility in heating fuel oil and can precipitate from fuel blends, sometimes in a non-reversible manner. This includes sterol glucosides and some saturated monoglycerides. Exposure to cold temperatures over time can accelerate this precipitation and the formation of larger agglomerates. These can settle in the bottom of storage tanks and plug filters.

−

<h2> Committee on Middle Distillate Fuels</h2>

+

<h2> '''Committee on Middle Distillate Fuels'''</h2>

Voting memebership at date of approval <br>

'''Chair (Voting)'''<br>

Line 315: Line 390:

<br>

−

'''General interest category'''

+

<h5 id="General Interest"> '''General interest category''' </h5>

Bailey, M. AmSpec Services Llc<br>

Gorgchuck, J. Parkes Scientific Canada <br>

Line 382: Line 457:

<h2>CGSB & SCC Statement </h2>

'''CGSB Statement'''<br>

+

<a href="#general interest">Go to the see also section</a>

+

The CANADIAN GENERAL STANDARDS BOARD (CGSB), under whose auspices this standard has been developed, is a government agency within Public Services and Procurement Canada. CGSB is engaged in the production of voluntary standards in a wide range of subject areas through the media of standards committees and the consensus process. The standards committees are composed of representatives of relevant interests including producers, consumers and other users, retailers, governments, educational institutions, technical, professional and trade societies, and research and testing organizations. Any given standard is developed on the consensus of views expressed by such representatives.

Mark.schuessler

84

edits

Changes

CGSB ONGC/003 0002 2019 ENG (view source)

Revision as of 09:27, 28 October 2019