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===<span class="checkbox" aria-hidden="true">&#10004;</span>About Administrative Law===
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===<span class="checkbox" aria-hidden="true">&#10004;</span>About Administrative Tribunals===
 
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<p>Our colleagues Hugues Lafrance-Rodrigue and Shirley Pelizer have prepared the following presentation to help us understand more about administrative law: [[Media:INTRO_TO_ADMINISTRATIVE_LAW.pdf]].</p></div></div>
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<p>'''Administrative tribunals:'''</p>
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* Were created to provide justice between citizens and the government.
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* Also recognized as “Expert Tribunals”, they supply expertise and knowledge in a specific area of law.
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* Get their powers from a statute, allowing decision-makers to decide only on those matters over which their tribunal has jurisdiction under the statute.
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* Allow for matters to be heard and decisions to be made more quickly and efficiently.
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* Alleviate workload and free up time for the courts (which are more costly to operate).
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'''Natural justice and procedural fairness are procedures that administrative tribunal decision-makers must follow to act fairly; these include:'''
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* Notice: The applicant must be given adequate notice of the nature of the proceedings and of the issue to be decided.
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* Disclosure: Depending on the nature of the case, all evidence to be used against an applicant must be disclosed.
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* Opportunity to present one’s case and to respond: The applicant must be provided with an opportunity to present whatever evidence they wish to be considered. While the right to be heard generally implies a hearing, it does not always mean an oral hearing. Submissions can be made in writing.
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* Right to an impartial decision maker and freedom of bias
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* Institutional independence and the person who hears the case must decide
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* Duty to consider all the evidence
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Consult the [https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/administrative-tribunals# Canadian Encyclopedia] for additional information on administrative tribunals.  
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