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<th>[[Tendances_Technologiques|Tendances Technologiques]]</th>

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<th>~~[[Tendances_Technologiques/Tout_defini_par_logiciel|~~Tout Défini par Logiciel]]</th>

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<th>Tout Défini par Logiciel</th>

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<th>Latest version</th>

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<td>~~January 29~~, 2020</td>

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<td>February 17, 2020</td>

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<h2>Technology Brief</h2>

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In general SDx is achieved by the decoupling of the software control functions from the hardware it runs on, through the implementation of Application Programming Interface (API) that enable this concept. In the SDx mode the infrastructure becomes virtualized, completely controlled by the software and delivered as a service to the clients. The automation is achieved by removing of the control from the hardware in the sense that the aspects like configuration, deployment and provisioning are controlled and driven by the software <ref>CIO QuickPulse. (2015, January). [https://f5.com/Portals/1/PDF/Partners/CIO-the-road-to-a-software-defined-architecture.pdf The Road to a Software-Defined]. Retrieved from F5.</ref>.

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In general SDx is achieved by the decoupling of the software control functions from the hardware it runs on, through the implementation of Application Programming Interface (API) that enable this concept. In the SDx mode the infrastructure becomes virtualized, completely controlled by the software and delivered as a service to the clients. The automation is achieved by removing of the control from the hardware in the sense that the aspects like configuration, deployment and provisioning are controlled and driven by the software.<ref>CIO QuickPulse. (2015, January). [https://f5.com/Portals/1/PDF/Partners/CIO-the-road-to-a-software-defined-architecture.pdf The Road to a Software-Defined]. Retrieved from F5.</ref>

In general, SDx is an umbrella term that includes three primary concepts:

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<li>Software defined networking (SDN): A network architecture to make network devices programmable. SDN addresses the failure of the traditional networks to support the dynamic, scalable computing and storage needs of today’s applications<ref>Sadiku, M., Nelatury, S., & Musa, S. (2017, January). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327022709_2017_software_defined_everything Software Defined Everything]. Retrieved from oaji.</ref>. SDN achieves that goal through the separation of the network management from the underlying network infrastructure and components. This means network behavior can be controlled using software external to physical networking devices. Networks are therefore more customizable from a service offering perspective, where services can be tailored to individual customers. An SDN is separated into three layers. These are the application layer, control layer, and Infrastructure layer. Between the control and infrastructure layer is what is known as the control plane-data plane interface. The control layer is where the SDN software resides and performs its functions. Physical switches in the infrastructure layer will either use a proprietary technology or Open-Flow protocol. With this protocol traffic is routed in a way that allows the control plane server to dictate where the switches send packets, which removes the responsibility/functionality from the data plane. The controller will also run several policy, traffic-engineering, and security applications to control the network elements via APIs. In addition, these APIs allow new functionality to be integrated quickly. </li>

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<li>Software defined networking (SDN): A network architecture to make network devices programmable. SDN addresses the failure of the traditional networks to support the dynamic, scalable computing and storage needs of today’s applications.<ref>Sadiku, M., Nelatury, S., & Musa, S. (2017, January). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327022709_2017_software_defined_everything Software Defined Everything]. Retrieved from oaji.</ref> SDN achieves that goal through the separation of the network management from the underlying network infrastructure and components. This means network behavior can be controlled using software external to physical networking devices. Networks are therefore more customizable from a service offering perspective, where services can be tailored to individual customers. An SDN is separated into three layers. These are the application layer, control layer, and Infrastructure layer. Between the control and infrastructure layer is what is known as the control plane-data plane interface. The control layer is where the SDN software resides and performs its functions. Physical switches in the infrastructure layer will either use a proprietary technology or Open-Flow protocol. With this protocol traffic is routed in a way that allows the control plane server to dictate where the switches send packets, which removes the responsibility/functionality from the data plane. The controller will also run several policy, traffic-engineering, and security applications to control the network elements via APIs. In addition, these APIs allow new functionality to be integrated quickly. </li>

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<li>Software defined storage (SDS): This refers to computer data storage software that is independent of the underlying hardware<ref>Wikipedia. (2019, May 17). [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software-defined_storage Software-defined storage]. Retrieved from Wikipedia.</ref>. Storage automatically adapts to new demands by pairing resource flexibility and programmability. Programmability includes policy-based management and the automated provisioning of resources. Software is decoupled from hardware. SDS allows you to leverage existing storage solutions such as Storage Area Network (SAN) and Network Attached Storage (NAS) on any industry standard hardware. </li>

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<li>Software defined storage (SDS): This refers to computer data storage software that is independent of the underlying hardware.<ref>Wikipedia. (2019, May 17). [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software-defined_storage Software-defined storage]. Retrieved from Wikipedia.</ref> Storage automatically adapts to new demands by pairing resource flexibility and programmability. Programmability includes policy-based management and the automated provisioning of resources. Software is decoupled from hardware. SDS allows you to leverage existing storage solutions such as Storage Area Network (SAN) and Network Attached Storage (NAS) on any industry standard hardware. </li>

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<li>Software defined data centers (SDDC): This is one in which all elements of the data center infrastructure (networking, storage, CPU, and security) are delivered as a service. Control of the data center is automated by software. Basically, SDDC consists of three core components: network virtualization, server virtualization, and storage virtualization<ref>Beal, V. (n.d.). [https://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/software_defined_data_center_SDDC.html SDDC - software-defined data center]. Retrieved from Webopedia.</ref>.</li>

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<li>Software defined data centers (SDDC): This is one in which all elements of the data center infrastructure (networking, storage, CPU, and security) are delivered as a service. Control of the data center is automated by software. Basically, SDDC consists of three core components: network virtualization, server virtualization, and storage virtualization.<ref>Beal, V. (n.d.). [https://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/software_defined_data_center_SDDC.html SDDC - software-defined data center]. Retrieved from Webopedia.</ref></li>

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<li>Software defined computing: The purpose of software-defined computing is to remove intelligence from the hardware and abstract it to a far more standardized software layer. The technology functions are moved to a virtualized infrastructure, thereby presenting computing infrastructure as pools of virtual and physical resources.</li>

<li>Software defined environment: In an SDE environment, storage, data center infrastructure, and network management are automated by intelligent software rather than by hardware.</li>

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<li>Software defined security: This is a new approach to improve security within software defined networking environment. Because SDS is entirely software-based, security policy is elastic and security is available on demand<ref>Sadiku, M., Nelatury, S., & Musa, S. (2017, January). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327022709_2017_software_defined_everything Software Defined Everything]. Retrieved from oaji.</ref></li>

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<li>Software defined security: This is a new approach to improve security within software defined networking environment. Because SDS is entirely software-based, security policy is elastic and security is available on demand.<ref>Sadiku, M., Nelatury, S., & Musa, S. (2017, January). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327022709_2017_software_defined_everything Software Defined Everything]. Retrieved from oaji</ref></li>

<li>Software-defined Hypervisor (SDH) - refers to virtualizing the hypervisor layer and separating it from its management console</li>

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<h2>Industry Usage</h2>

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From now until 2020 the size of the digital universe will double every two years. The industry is under an ever-growing pressure to replace their existing IT infrastructure with innovative models that can reduce costs. Consequently, companies are increasingly adopting SDx, as it provides a leaner business model mostly through virtualization and flexibility brought in by the hardware controlling software. In this growing market an abundance of the technical solutions and products is becoming available in order to atomize every aspect of the IT Service delivery. A predicted market growth of 32% is expected over the period of 2016-2020. The shift towards the virtualization of IT infrastructure is the in order to significantly reduce the costs<ref>Wood, L. (2016, January 12). [https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20160112005780/en/Research-Markets-Global-Software-Defined-SDx-Market Research and Markets: Global Software Defined Anything (SDx) Market Growth of 32% CAGR by 2020 - Analysis, Technologies, Opportunities & Forecasts 2016-2020]. Retrieved from BusinessWire.</ref>.

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From now until 2020 the size of the digital universe will double every two years. The industry is under an ever-growing pressure to replace their existing IT infrastructure with innovative models that can reduce costs. Consequently, companies are increasingly adopting SDx, as it provides a leaner business model mostly through virtualization and flexibility brought in by the hardware controlling software. In this growing market an abundance of the technical solutions and products is becoming available in order to atomize every aspect of the IT Service delivery. A predicted market growth of 32% is expected over the period of 2016-2020. The shift towards the virtualization of IT infrastructure is the in order to significantly reduce the costs.<ref>Wood, L. (2016, January 12). [https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20160112005780/en/Research-Markets-Global-Software-Defined-SDx-Market Research and Markets: Global Software Defined Anything (SDx) Market Growth of 32% CAGR by 2020 - Analysis, Technologies, Opportunities & Forecasts 2016-2020]. Retrieved from BusinessWire.</ref>

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The best know and the most adopted examples of the SDx concept in use are Platform as a service (PaaS) and Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) forms of the Cloud Computing. Driven by the virtualization and SDx, cloud computing has become a mainstream concept and the IT solution of choice in the recent years to the point where some or the major IT vendors have shifted their business strategy towards this concept. An example is Microsoft who in 2011 committed 90 percent of its $9.6 billion R&D budget to its cloud<ref>CloudTimes. (2011, April 12). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131018050315/http:/cloudtimes.org/2011/04/12/microsoft-says-to-spend-90-of-rd-on-cloud-strategy/ Microsoft Says to Spend 90% of R&D on Cloud Strategy]. Retrieved from CloudTimes.</ref>. An investment that has been well paying off as Microsoft has become only third company globally to reach 1 trillion market value, thanks to their strategic shift from traditional personal computing towards the cloud<ref>Vena, D. (2019, April 25). [https://www.fool.com/investing/2019/04/25/how-microsoft-hit-1-trillion-cloud-computing-stead.aspx How Microsoft Hit $1 Trillion: Cloud Computing, Steady Growth]. Retrieved from The Motley Fool.</ref>.

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The best know and the most adopted examples of the SDx concept in use are Platform as a service (PaaS) and Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) forms of the Cloud Computing. Driven by the virtualization and SDx, cloud computing has become a mainstream concept and the IT solution of choice in the recent years to the point where some or the major IT vendors have shifted their business strategy towards this concept. An example is Microsoft who in 2011 committed 90 percent of its $9.6 billion R&D budget to its cloud.<ref>CloudTimes. (2011, April 12). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131018050315/http:/cloudtimes.org/2011/04/12/microsoft-says-to-spend-90-of-rd-on-cloud-strategy/ Microsoft Says to Spend 90% of R&D on Cloud Strategy]. Retrieved from CloudTimes.</ref> An investment that has been well paying off as Microsoft has become only third company globally to reach 1 trillion market value, thanks to their strategic shift from traditional personal computing towards the cloud.<ref>Vena, D. (2019, April 25). [https://www.fool.com/investing/2019/04/25/how-microsoft-hit-1-trillion-cloud-computing-stead.aspx How Microsoft Hit $1 Trillion: Cloud Computing, Steady Growth]. Retrieved from The Motley Fool.</ref>

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Other competitors like Amazon, Google, Apple, etc., are also heavily investing and counting on profitable return of investment from the cloud, especially since some of the major corporation<ref>Konrad, A. (2016, March 23). [https://www.forbes.com/sites/alexkonrad/2016/03/23/why-coca-cola-works-with-google-and-rivals-in-the-cloud-and-warns-against-focusing-on-price/#3ade8882d879 Why Coca-Cola Works With Both Google And Its Rivals In The Cloud And Warns Not To Worry About Price]. Retrieved from Forbes.</ref> have already adopted the Cloud First strategy. The Software Defined Storage Market accounted for $4.18 billion in 2016 and expected to grow at a CAGR of 39.0% to reach $42.1 billion by 2023. The global software defined networking market size will grow by USD 16.27 billions during 2019-2023.

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Other competitors like Amazon, Google, Apple, etc., are also heavily investing and counting on profitable return of investment from the cloud, especially since some of the major corporation.<ref>Konrad, A. (2016, March 23). [https://www.forbes.com/sites/alexkonrad/2016/03/23/why-coca-cola-works-with-google-and-rivals-in-the-cloud-and-warns-against-focusing-on-price/#3ade8882d879 Why Coca-Cola Works With Both Google And Its Rivals In The Cloud And Warns Not To Worry About Price]. Retrieved from Forbes</ref> have already adopted the Cloud First strategy. The Software Defined Storage Market accounted for $4.18 billion in 2016 and expected to grow at a CAGR of 39.0% to reach $42.1 billion by 2023. The global software defined networking market size will grow by USD 16.27 billions during 2019-2023.

The global software-defined networking market is expected to post a CAGR of close to 24% during the period 2019-2023, according to the latest market research report by Technavio. However, the market’s momentum will decelerate in the coming years because of the decrease in year-over-year growth. A key factor driving the global software-defined networking market size is the increasing demand for cloud solutions.

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The Government of Canada (GC) relies heavily on Information Technology (IT) to conduct its operations and daily business activities. IT is plays an integral role in government operations while also being a key enabler in transforming the business of the GC. IT is an essential component of the GC’s strategy to address digital transformation challenges and enhancing services to the public for the benefit of citizens, businesses, taxpayers, and employees. (Government of Canada, 2018)

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The GC Enterprise Security Architecture (ESA) Program, led by Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat (TBS) and supported by Shared Services Canada (SSC) and Communications Security Establishment (CSE), is a GC-wide initiative to provide a standardized approach to developing IT security architecture, that ensures that basic security blocks are implemented across the enterprise as the infrastructure is being renewed. These three stakeholders formed the IT Security Tripartite to develop and maintain a consistent and cohesive enterprise IT security architecture vision, strategy and designs under the ESA program<ref>Government of Canada. (2018, January 7). [http://www.gcpedia.gc.ca/wiki/Government_of_Canada_Enterprise_Security_Architecture_(ESA)_Program Government of Canada Enterprise Security Architecture (ESA) Program]. Retrieved from GCPedia.</ref>.

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The GC Enterprise Security Architecture (ESA) Program, led by Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat (TBS) and supported by Shared Services Canada (SSC) and Communications Security Establishment (CSE), is a GC-wide initiative to provide a standardized approach to developing IT security architecture, that ensures that basic security blocks are implemented across the enterprise as the infrastructure is being renewed. These three stakeholders formed the IT Security Tripartite to develop and maintain a consistent and cohesive enterprise IT security architecture vision, strategy and designs under the ESA program.<ref>Government of Canada. (2018, January 7). [http://www.gcpedia.gc.ca/wiki/Government_of_Canada_Enterprise_Security_Architecture_(ESA)_Program Government of Canada Enterprise Security Architecture (ESA) Program]. Retrieved from GCPedia.</ref>

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The GC ESA program is separated into eight individual Enterprise Security Focus Areas (ESFA)<ref>Shared Services Canada. (2016, October 4). [http://www.ssc-spc.gc.ca/pages/itir-triti/itir-triti-afac-070714-pres1-eng.html Cyber and IT Security - July 7, 2014]. Retrieved from ssc-spc.gc.ca.</ref>: Identity, Credential and Access Management (ICA); Endpoint Security (END); Data Security (DAT); Application Security (APP); Network and Communications Security (NCS); Security Operations (OPS); and Compute and Storage Services Security (CSS)<ref>Government of Canada. (2018, March 29). [https://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/pol/doc-eng.aspx?id=12755 Policy on Management of Information Technology]. Retrieved from Government of Canada.</ref>.

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The GC ESA program is separated into eight individual Enterprise Security Focus Areas (ESFA)<ref>Shared Services Canada. (2016, October 4). [http://www.ssc-spc.gc.ca/pages/itir-triti/itir-triti-afac-070714-pres1-eng.html Cyber and IT Security - July 7, 2014]. Retrieved from ssc-spc.gc.ca.</ref>: Identity, Credential and Access Management (ICA); Endpoint Security (END); Data Security (DAT); Application Security (APP); Network and Communications Security (NCS); Security Operations (OPS); and Compute and Storage Services Security (CSS).<ref>Government of Canada. (2018, March 29). [https://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/pol/doc-eng.aspx?id=12755 Policy on Management of Information Technology]. Retrieved from Government of Canada.</ref>

The CSS target architecture transition is focused on the virtualization of compute, storage, file, network, and database services within the framework of a Software-Defined Environment (SD-Environment).

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The GC is taking steps to transform the legacy systems and aging IT infrastructure into an integrated, secure, modern, and agile environment that will provide the GC, citizens, partners, with reliable and trusted access to GC programs and services.

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Canadian Government departments and agencies directly or through its proxies (SSC) are in the process adopting the SDx concept. Treasury Board of Canada supports Cloud computing and other SDx based concepts through its initiatives and directives <ref>Government of Canada. (2017, November 1). [https://www.canada.ca/en/government/system/digital-government/modern-emerging-technologies/direction-secure-use-commercial-cloud-services-spin.html Direction on the Secure Use of Commercial Cloud Services: Security Policy Implementation Notice (SPIN)]. Retrieved from canada.ca.</ref>.

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Canadian Government departments and agencies directly or through its proxies (SSC) are in the process adopting the SDx concept. Treasury Board of Canada supports Cloud computing and other SDx based concepts through its initiatives and directives.<ref>Government of Canada. (2017, November 1). [https://www.canada.ca/en/government/system/digital-government/modern-emerging-technologies/direction-secure-use-commercial-cloud-services-spin.html Direction on the Secure Use of Commercial Cloud Services: Security Policy Implementation Notice (SPIN)]. Retrieved from canada.ca.</ref>

Software defined networking (SDN), Software defined storage (SDS) and Software defined data centers (SDDC) concepts have already been adopted in the Government of Canada (GC) to a certain degree.

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<h4>Challenges</h4>

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Information Technology enables the GC to conduct operations and deliver services to Canadians. It is strategically critical for increasing government productivity and enhancing services to the public for the benefit of citizens, businesses, taxpayers and employees. The GC invests a significant portion of its annual budget on IT and supporting infrastructure. However, rapidly developing technology, incompatible business practices and a fragmented approach to IT investments can undermine effective and efficient delivery of government programs and services<ref>Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat. (2019, August 2). [https://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/pol/doc-eng.aspx?id=15249 Directive on Management of Information Technology]. Retrieved from tbs-sct.gc.ca.</ref>.

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Information Technology enables the GC to conduct operations and deliver services to Canadians. It is strategically critical for increasing government productivity and enhancing services to the public for the benefit of citizens, businesses, taxpayers and employees. The GC invests a significant portion of its annual budget on IT and supporting infrastructure. However, rapidly developing technology, incompatible business practices and a fragmented approach to IT investments can undermine effective and efficient delivery of government programs and services.<ref>Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat. (2019, August 2). [https://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/pol/doc-eng.aspx?id=15249 Directive on Management of Information Technology]. Retrieved from tbs-sct.gc.ca.</ref>

SDx is a great concept that brings many benefits. However, it faces various adoption challenges including managing programmatic control, monitoring ever-expanding environments, reconciling incompatible legacy systems, working with the immature SDx industry, and re-training existing personnel or hiring new personnel experienced in SDx.

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#firstHeading::after{

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content:"~~Enterprise Application Stores~~";

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content:"Software Defined Anything";

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Felix.legros

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Changes

Technology Trends/Software Defined Anything (view source)

Revision as of 10:03, 17 February 2020